Optical Switching

Description

While much has been published on the subject in individual articles, this text is the first to cohesively present optical switching in a single book. The three authors examine and discuss all the challenges involved in the commercialization of optical switching. Readers are brought up to date with the latest advances in research as well as the technological hurdles that researchers.

 

 

Table of Contents

PREFACE.

ABOUT THE AUTHORS.

1 Introduction.

1.1 The Evolution of Optical Networks.

1.1.1 Broadcast-and-Select Networks.

1.1.2 Wavelength-Routed Networks.

1.2 View of the Current Network.

1.3 Optical Networking.

1.4 Switching in Optical Networks.

1.4.1 Optical Switching.

1.4.2 Opaque Switching.

1.4.3 Challenges for Optical Switching.

1.5 Optical Switching Paradigms.

References.

2 Optical Switches.

2.1 Parameters Used for Switch Performance Evaluation.

2.2 Applications of Optical Switches.

2.2.1 Optical Crossconnects.

2.2.2 Protection and Restoration.

2.2.3 Optical Add/Drop Multiplexing.

2.2.4 Optical Signal Monitoring.

2.2.5 Network Provisioning.

2.3 Optical Switch Fabrics.

2.3.1 Optomechanical Switches.

2.3.2 Optical Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems (Optical MEMS).

2.3.3 Electro-Optic Switches.

2.3.4 Thermo-Optic Switches.

2.3.5 Liquid-Crystal Switches.

2.3.6 Bubble Switches.

2.3.7 Acousto-Optic Switches.

2.3.8 Semiconductor Optical Amplifier Switches.

2.3.9 All-Optical Switches.

2.4 Building Large Switches.

References.

3 Optical Packet Switching.

3.1 Introduction.

3.2 Design Alternatives for Optical Packet Switches.

3.2.1 Synchronous versus Asynchronous Optical Packet Switching.

3.2.2 Header Format, Transmission, and Processing.

3.2.3 Electronic versus Optical Control.

3.2.4 Optical Switch Fabric Technology and Architecture.

3.3 Enabling Technologies for Optical Packet Switching.

3.3.1 All-Optical 3R Regeneration.

3.3.2 All-Optical Packet Delineation and Synchronization.

3.3.3 All-Optical Signal Processing.

3.3.4 All-Optical Buffering.

3.3.5 All-Optical Packet Switch Fabrics.

3.3.6 All-Optical Wavelength Conversion.

3.4 General Architecture of an Optical Packet Switch.

3.5 Wavelength Conversion in Optical Packet Switching.

3.5.1 Limited Range Wavelength Converters.

3.6 Contention Resolution in Optical Packet Switches.

3.6.1 Buffering.

3.6.2 Deflection Routing.

3.6.3 Discussion.

3.7 Quality of Service Support.

3.8 Optical Packet Switch Architectures.

3.8.1 KEOPS.

3.8.2 WASPNET.

3.8.3 The Data-Vortex Packet Switch.

3.9 Metropolitan Area Packet Switched Networks.

3.9.1 The HORNET Project.

3.9.2 The DAVID Project.

3.9.3 The RingO Project.

References.

4 Generalized Multiprotocol Label Switching.

4.1 Introduction.

4.2 Multiprotocol Label Switching.

4.2.1 MPLS Operation.

4.2.2 Label Distribution.

4.2.3 Traffic Engineering.

4.2.4 Constraint-Based Routing.

4.2.5 Extensions to Routing Protocols.

4.2.6 Extensions to Signaling Protocols.

4.3 Generalized Multiprotocol Label Switching.

4.3.1 Introduction.

4.3.2 Overview of GMPLS.

4.3.3 Fundamental GMPLS Features.

4.4 The GMPLS Protocol Suite.

4.4.1 Routing Protocols.

4.4.2 Signaling Protocols.

4.4.3 Link Management Protocol.

4.5 Automatically Switched Optical Network (ASON).

4.5.1 The ASON Architecture.

4.5.2 ASON and GMPLS.

References.

5 Optical Burst Switching.

5.1 Network and Node Architecture.

5.1.1 Wavelength-Routed Optical Burst Switched Networks.

5.1.2 Labeled Optical Burst Switching.

5.2 Burst Assembly.

5.2.1 Burst Assembly Algorithms.

5.2.2 Predictive Assembly Algorithms.

5.3 Signaling.

5.3.1 The JumpStart Signaling Architecture.

5.4 Routing and Wavelength Assignment in OBS Networks.

5.4.1 Routing.

5.4.2 Wavelength Assignment.

5.5 Burst Scheduling.

5.5.1 Scheduling Algorithms Without Void Filling.

5.5.2 Scheduling Algorithms with Void Filling.

5.5.3 Efficient Implementations of Scheduling Algorithms.

5.5.4 Other Approaches to Burst Scheduling.

5.6 Contention Resolution.

5.6.1 Deflection Routing in OBS Networks.

5.6.2 Burst Segmentation.

5.6.3 Prioritized Contention Resolution.

5.7 Quality of Service Support.

5.7.1 Offset-Based QoS.

5.7.2 Other Schemes for QoS Support.

5.8 Protection and Restoration.

5.8.1 1þ1 Protection in OBS Networks.

5.8.2 Restoration via Deflection Routing.

5.8.3 Reliability in OBS Networks.

5.9 Multicasting.

References.

INDEX.

描述

儘管有很多關於這個主題的個別文章已經發表，但這本書是第一本以一本書的形式全面呈現光學交換的。三位作者檢視並討論了光學交換商業化所面臨的所有挑戰。讀者將了解到最新研究進展以及研究人員所面臨的技術障礙。

目錄

前言
關於作者
1. 簡介
1.1 光學網路的演進
1.1.1 廣播和選擇網路
1.1.2 波長路由網路
1.2 當前網路的觀點
1.3 光學網路
1.4 光學網路中的交換
1.4.1 光學交換
1.4.2 不透明交換
1.4.3 光學交換的挑戰
1.5 光學交換範式
參考文獻
2. 光學開關
2.1 用於開關性能評估的參數
2.2 光學開關的應用
2.2.1 光交叉連接
2.2.2 保護和恢復
2.2.3 光增加/刪除多工
2.2.4 光信號監測
2.2.5 網路配置
2.3 光學開關結構
2.3.1 光機械開關
2.3.2 光微機電系統（光MEMS）
2.3.3 電光開關
2.3.4 熱光開關
2.3.5 液晶開關
2.3.6 氣泡開關
2.3.7 壓光開關
2.3.8 半導體光放大器開關
2.3.9 全光開關
2.4 建造大型開關
參考文獻
3. 光包交換
3.1 簡介
3.2 光包交換的設計選擇
3.2.1 同步與非同步光包交換
3.2.2 標頭格式、傳輸和處理
3.2.3 電子控制與光學控制
3.