Spaceborne Synthetic Aperture Radar Remote Sensing: Techniques and Applications

This book provides basic and advanced concepts of synthetic aperture radar (SAR), PolSAR, InSAR, PolInSAR, and all necessary information about various applications and analysis of data of multiple sensors. It includes information on SAR remote sensing, data processing, and separate applications of SAR technology, compiled in one place. It will help readers to use active microwave imaging sensor-based information in geospatial technology and applications.

This book:

• Covers basic and advanced concepts of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) remote sensing
• Introduces spaceborne SAR sensors
• Discusses applications of SAR remote sensing in earth observation
• Explores utilization of SAR data for solid earth, ecosystem, and cryosphere, including imaging of extra-terrestrial bodies
• Includes PolSAR and PolInSAR for aboveground forest biomass retrieval, as well as InSAR and PolSAR for snow parameters retrieval

This book is aimed at researchers and graduate students in remote sensing, photogrammetry, geoscience, image processing, agriculture, environment, forestry, and image processing.

本書提供合成孔徑雷達（SAR）、極化SAR（PolSAR）、干涉SAR（InSAR）、極化干涉SAR（PolInSAR）的基礎和高級概念，以及關於多種傳感器數據的各種應用和分析的必要信息。它包括SAR遙感、數據處理和SAR技術的獨立應用的信息，集中在一個地方。它將幫助讀者在地理空間技術和應用中使用基於主動微波成像傳感器的信息。

本書包括以下內容：
- 講解合成孔徑雷達（SAR）遙感的基礎和高級概念
- 介紹載人空間合成孔徑雷達（SAR）傳感器
- 討論SAR遙感在地球觀測中的應用
- 探索利用SAR數據進行固體地球、生態系統和冰圈的成像，包括對外星體的成像
- 包括極化SAR和極化干涉SAR用於地上森林生物量提取，以及干涉SAR和極化SAR用於雪參數提取

本書針對遙感、攝影測量、地球科學、圖像處理、農業、環境、林業和圖像處理等領域的研究人員和研究生。

Dr. Shashi Kumar received the M.Sc. degree in Physics from Patna University, Patna, India, in 2002, the M.Sc. degree in Geoinformatics under the joint education program of Indian Institute of Remote Sensing (IIRS), Dehradun, India, and International Institute for Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation (ITC), Enschede, The Netherlands, in 2009, and the Ph.D. degree from Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Roorkee, India, in 2019. Since 2009, he has been working as Scientist with the Indian Institute of Remote Sensing (IIRS), Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO), Dehradun, India. Dr. Shashi Kumar is a dedicated researcher contributing to capacity building through education and research in the field of advanced Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) remote sensing that includes Polarimetric SAR (PolSAR), Polarimetric SAR Interferometry (PolInSAR), and Polarimetric Tomographic SAR (PolTomSAR), its data processing techniques, and applications. Over the past 12 years, Dr. Shashi Kumar has shown intellectual prowess in cutting-edge research works on Polarimetric SAR Remote Sensing (PolSAR), and he has published 50 journal articles, 108 conference papers, 5 newsletters, 12 Book Chapters & Lecture Notes, and 13 project reports. He has shown excellent collaborative skills by doing collaborative research work with scientists and professors from various universities and institutions. He has edited two journal issues on special topics on 'Advances in Spaceborne SAR Remote Sensing for Characterization of Natural and Manmade Features-1, &II' for the COSPAR Journal, Advances in Space Research (ASR).

Currently, Dr. Kumar is a guest editor for the 1 issue of the Advances in Space Research (ASR) for a topic on 'Synergistic Use of Remote Sensing Data and In-Situ Investigations to Reveal the Hidden Secrets of the Moon', and 1 issue of the AGU Wiley Earth and Space Science for a special topic on 'Synthetic Aperture Radar Remote Sensing for Characterization of Land Use and Land Cover'. Dr. Shashi Kumar has worked as a member of the SAR Task Group to develop SAR protocols under the partnership of the Government of India (GoI) and the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) Forest-PLUS program. He has also performed his duties as a committee member for Commonwealth Scholarship 2016 at the Department of Higher Education, Ministry of Human Research Development. He is a science team member for NASA-ISRO Synthetic Aperture Radar (NISAR) mission for the Science Products, Calibration, and Tools Development team and a science team member of Chandrayaan-2 mission's Working Group 3 for Lunar Poles and Microwave Remote Sensing. One of his significant contributions is the development of a methodological framework for Polarimetric Calibration (PolCal) of Airborne and Spaceborne fully polarimetric and hybrid/compact-pol SAR data to minimize distortions for scattering-based characterization of manmade and natural objects. In recognition of outstanding contributions toward "Polarimetric Calibration of SAR data and development of PolSAR" and "PolInSAR modelling approaches for scattering-based characterization of manmade and natural objects", the Indian Society of Remote Sensing (ISRS) conferred the Indian National Geospatial Award 2021 to Dr Shashi Kumar.

Dr. Paul Siqueira was a Senior Engineer with the Radar Science and Engineering Section, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, CA, USA. He was a Visiting Scientist with the Joint Research Center, European Commission, Ispra, Italy. He is currently a Professor with the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA. He is also the Co-Director of the university's Microwave Remote Sensing Laboratory (MIRSL), where he is involved in the design, development, and the use of microwave remote sensing instruments for earth science applications, such as the deployable three-frequency weather radar (Ku-, Ka-, and W-band) and the two-frequency polarimetric radiometers (KPR and KaPR) for characterizing rain and snowfall. He has also developed a two-frequency (S- and Ka-band) airborne Interferometric SAR that can measure the surface topography and the volume scattering characteristics of natural targets (e.g. vegetation and snow). He teaches courses in microwave engineering, microwave metrology, and microwave systems engineering.

Dr. Siqueira is a Principal Investigator for NASA's Terrestrial Ecology and Earth Science Technology programs, the Science Definition Team Ecosystems Lead for NASA's next-generation SAR (NISAR) that will launch in 2022, and a Science Advisor for JAXA's ALOS-2 instrument. He was a recipient of the Harvard Forest Bullard Fellowship. He was the Chairman of the Alaska Satellite Facilities' User Working Group. He also participates in the National Academy of Sciences' Committee on Radio Frequencies (CORF).

Dr. Himanshu Govil received the M.Sc. degree in Geology from Aligarh Muslim University, India, in 2006, and completed P. G. Diploma in Geoinformatics under the joint education program of Indian Institute of Remote Sensing (IIRS), Dehradun, India, and International Institute for Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation (ITC), Enschede, The Netherlands, in 2008, and the Ph.D. degree from Aligarh Mulsim University (AMU), Aligarh, India, in 2015. Since 2015, he has been working as an Assistant Professor in Department Applied Geology, National Institute of Technology (NIT), Raipur, Chhatisgarh, India. Dr. Himanshu Govil is handling Research Announcement (RA) projects related to the NASA-ISRO Synthetic Aperture Radar (NISAR) and NASA-ISRO Hyperspectral mission (AVIRIS-NG) missions. His research interests include Hyperspectral Remote Sensing, Thermal Remote Sensing and SAR remote sensing with special emphasis on Mineral mapping, subsidence and subsurface monitoring.

Shefali Agrawal is a physicist at the Indian Institute of Remote Sensing with academic qualifications obtained both in India and in abroad (ITC, Netherlands). She pursues her academic interest in addressing both fundamental and applied aspects of remote sensing, GIS, and allied spatial technology with emphasis on satellite photogrammetry, Lidar remote sensing, Hyperspectral Remote sensing, UAV remote sensing, Underwater Image processing, and advanced image processing related to land use /land cover characterization and vegetation physics dynamics. She has many accomplishments in her professional career and has contributed to various National and International projects, such as mapping and monitoring of land use land cover/ Vegetation type across south-central Asia for the first time from SPOT Vegetation satellite data using spectral modeling under the European Commission program. She is currently, Group Head, Geospatial Technology and Outreach Programme Group which consists of all there technology departments at IIRS; and is engaged in 3-D surface characterization and simulation through the integration of Satellite stereo imageries, Terrestrial Laser Scanning (TLS), and UAV based data at IIRS for natural resources and archaeological applications. She has over 25 years of experience and produced around 100 papers in national and international journals.

Dr. Shashi Kumar於2002年從印度帕特納大學獲得物理學碩士學位，於2009年在印度遙感研究所（IIRS）和荷蘭國際地理信息科學與地球觀測研究所（ITC）的聯合教育計劃下獲得地理信息學碩士學位，並於2019年在印度羅爾基理工學院（IIT）獲得博士學位。自2009年以來，他一直在印度遙感研究所（IIRS）工作，擔任科學家職位，隸屬於印度太空研究組織（ISRO），位於印度德拉敦。Dr. Shashi Kumar是一位致力於教育和研究的研究人員，專注於先進合成孔徑雷達（SAR）遙感領域，包括偏振SAR（PolSAR）、偏振SAR干涉（PolInSAR）和偏振層析SAR（PolTomSAR），以及相關的數據處理技術和應用。在過去的12年中，Dr. Shashi Kumar在偏振SAR遙感（PolSAR）的前沿研究方面展示了卓越的智力能力，並發表了50篇期刊文章、108篇會議論文、5篇通訊、12篇專書章節和講義，以及13份項目報告。他通過與來自各個大學和機構的科學家和教授進行合作研究展示了出色的合作能力。他曾為COSPAR Journal的兩期特刊“Advances in Spaceborne SAR Remote Sensing for Characterization of Natural and Manmade Features-1, &II”和Advances in Space Research (ASR)擔任特刊編輯。

目前，Dr. Kumar是Advances in Space Research (ASR)的特刊編輯，主題是“Synergistic Use of Remote Sensing Data and In-Situ Investigations to Reveal the Hidden Secrets of the Moon”，以及AGU Wiley Earth and Space Science的特刊編輯，主題是“Synthetic Aperture Radar Remote Sensing for Characterization of Land Use and Land Cover”。Dr. Shashi Kumar曾擔任印度政府（GoI）和美國國際開發署（USAID）Forest-PLUS計劃合作開發SAR協議的SAR任務小組成員。他還擔任印度高等教育部2016年Commonwealth獎學金的委員會成員。他是NASA-ISRO合成孔徑雷達（NISAR）任務的科學產品、校準和工具開發團隊的科學團隊成員，以及Chandrayaan-2任務的工作組3的科學團隊成員，該任務涉及月球極地和微波遙感。他的一項重要貢獻是開發了一種方法論框架，用於極化合成孔徑雷達（PolSAR）和混合/緊湊極化SAR數據的極化校準（PolCal），以減少散射為基礎的人造和自然對象的變形。為表彰他在“SAR數據的極化校準和PolSAR的發展”以及“散射為基礎的人造和自然對象的PolInSAR建模方法”方面的傑出貢獻，印度遙感學會（ISRS）授予Dr Shashi Kumar 2021年度印度國家地理空間獎。

Dr. Paul Siqueira曾是美國加州帕薩迪納噴射推進實驗室（Jet Propulsion Laboratory）雷達科學與工程部的高級工程師，並曾在歐洲委員會聯合研究中心（Joint Research Center）意大利伊斯普拉擔任訪問科學家。他目前是美國麻薩諸塞州阿默斯特的麻薩諸塞大學電機與計算機工程系的教授，也是該大學微波遙感實驗室（MIRSL）的聯合主任，他在該實驗室參與設計、開發和使用微波遙感儀器進行地球科學應用，例如可展開的三頻天氣雷達（Ku、Ka和W-b