Blockchain Technology for Iot and Wireless Communications

Smart communications are the concept in which smart appliances and devices are integrated into an application that runs in a smart hand-held device. The residents of a smart home can have complete control over their home's electronic gadgets using wireless communications. These technologies can help people control gadgets in the home/office remotely and often simultaneously, which increases convenience and reduces time spent on these tasks. However, problems can arise in the security systems associated with these smart devices; security may be compromised when there are loopholes or human mistakes. When security credentials are lost, overall security can also be lost. This is because smart technology is made up of plenty of devices that are integrated with Internet of Things (IoT) technology and the cloud. This environment can introduce many security issues, as discussed in this text. Blockchain is a promising technology that operates in a decentralized environment to protect devices and the data collected by devices from security and privacy issues by using wireless communication technology. Blockchain-enabled IoT can be used to achieve end-to-end security. Blockchain technology is already used in wireless sensor/communication networks to estimate and predict house data and civil structures.

IoT-integrated innovative applications like smart homes present unique security and privacy challenges. Scalability is the main problem as the current centralized IoT platforms have message routing mechanisms that create a bottleneck in scaling up too many devices used in IoT. As many devices are participating in generating data, such a setup may also be subjected to Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks. Lack of data standards is another cause of concern as it leads to interoperability problems. Blockchain technology for IoT and wireless communications offers a promising solution for smart devices. These technologies can provide end-to-end security and overcome the aforementioned problems. The usage of open-standard distributed IoT solutions can solve many problems that are associated with centralized approaches. Blockchain technology is nothing but a distributed ledger of transactions. It offers direct communication to connected devices. Such devices collect data, and all legitimate participants can access said data. Thus, decentralized blockchain networks can provide improved security for IoT-based solutions.

智能通訊是一個概念，將智能家電和設備集成到運行在智能手持設備上的應用程序中。智能家居的居民可以通過無線通訊完全控制家中的電子設備。這些技術可以幫助人們遠程控制家庭/辦公室中的設備，並且通常可以同時操作多個設備，從而提高便利性並減少花在這些任務上的時間。然而，與這些智能設備相關的安全系統可能會出現問題；當存在漏洞或人為錯誤時，安全性可能會受到損害。當安全憑證丟失時，整體安全性也可能會丟失。這是因為智能技術由許多與物聯網（IoT）技術和雲集成的設備組成。這種環境可能會引入許多安全問題，正如本文所討論的。區塊鏈是一種在分散環境中運作的有前景的技術，它使用無線通訊技術來保護設備和設備收集的數據免受安全和隱私問題的影響。區塊鏈技術可以用於實現端到端的安全性。區塊鏈技術已經在無線傳感器/通訊網絡中使用，用於估計和預測房屋數據和土木結構。

物聯網集成的創新應用，如智能家居，提出了獨特的安全和隱私挑戰。可擴展性是主要問題，因為當前的集中式物聯網平台具有消息路由機制，這在擴展使用過多的物聯網設備時會造成瓶頸。由於許多設備參與生成數據，這樣的設置也可能受到分散式阻斷服務（DDoS）攻擊的影響。缺乏數據標準是另一個令人擔憂的原因，因為它導致互操作性問題。區塊鏈技術為物聯網和無線通訊提供了一個有前景的解決方案。這些技術可以提供端到端的安全性，並克服上述問題。使用開放標準的分散式物聯網解決方案可以解決與集中式方法相關的許多問題。區塊鏈技術只是交易的分散式分類帳，它提供與連接設備的直接通信。這些設備收集數據，所有合法參與者都可以訪問該數據。因此，分散式區塊鏈網絡可以為基於物聯網的解決方案提供改進的安全性。

Dr. G. Ramesh received a Ph.D. degree in Computer Science and Engineering from JNT University Anantapur, Ananthapuaramu, Andhra Pradesh in 2018, and M.Tech. Degree from the JNTUA College of Engineering, Ananthapuramu, in 2009. He is currently working as a Associate Professor at CSE Department, Gokaraju Rangaraju Institute of Engineering & Technology (Autonomous), Hyderabad- 500090, Telangana State, India. He has more than 11 years of experience in teaching and 6 years of experience in research. Besides, he has published 35 research articles in leading journals (SCI, SCOPUS & DBLP), conference proceedings, 1 text book and 3 international book chapters. He is having 78 citations with an h-index 4 for his research publications. He is the reviewer for reputed International Conferences. He has organized & attended various FDPs and Conferences/workshops. He also worked as Coordinator for conducting course "Database Application Software and Database Design", for UG and PG students of JNTUA CE, Ananthapuramu in collaboration with Electronic and ICT Academy, NIT Warangal and IIT Madras, Chennai. His current research interests include Software Engineering, Machine Learning, Image Processing and Big Data Analytics.

Dr. Budati Anil Kumar received a Ph.D. Degree in Electronics and Communication Engineering from GITAM Deemed to be University, Hyderabad in 2019, and M.Tech. Degree from the LBRCE (JNTUK Kakinada), Mylavaram in 2010. B.Tech Degree from VYCET (JNTU Hyderabad), Chirala in 2007. He is currently working as an Associate Professor in ECE Department, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Hyderabad, India-500075, Telangana State, India. He has more than 13 years of experience in teaching and six years of experience in research. Besides, he has published 50 research articles in highly reputed publisher journals and conferences whose indexing in SCIE, SCOPUS, etc. He acts as Guest Editor for Peer-to-Peer Networking Journal (Springer Publisher), Cluster Computing Journal (Springer Publisher), IJPCC (Emerald Publisher), IET CAAI Transactions on Intelligence Technology, IET Networks, SWCC Journal (Bentham science Publisher) and IJSCC (Inderscience Publisher), IJUWBCS (Inderscience Publisher) Journals. He has authored/edited textbooks entitled "Cognitive Radio: Computing Techniques, Network Security and challenges" which is published by Taylor and Francis's publisher, U.K., and "Cognitive Computing Models in Communication Systems" which is published by Wiley & Scrivener Publishing, U.K. He is a Senior member of IEEE, Member of IEI and Fellow of IETE since 2019 and has served as a reviewer for various international journals and conferences. He has conducted various FDPs as a coordinator, which is funded by AICTE New Delhi, DST New Delhi and other agencies. He has attended various FDPs and Conferences/workshops in India and abroad and also acted as speaker/session chair in various FDPs and Conferences. He was also serving as a supervisor for Ph.D research scholars under multiple Universities in India. His current research interests include Cognitive Radio Networks, Software Defined Radio Networks, Artificial Intelligence, 6G emerging Technologies, Mulsemedia Computing and UAVs in 5G and 6G.

Dr. J Praveen has done his PhD from Osmania University in power electronics, Hyderabad. His research work carried out at BHEL Research and Development Center with support of University Grants Commission (UGC) junior research fellowship (JRF). He is contributing to a major research area in Power Electronics and has published more than 80 research papers in reputed International and National Journals and Conferences. He is Registered PhD Guide at Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, J.N.T University, Hyderabad. He is presently guiding eight scholars of PhD. He has International Certification on "High Impact Teaching Skills" by Dale Carnegie & Associates Inc. Trainers (USA), Mission 10x, Wipro Technologies. He has Cambridge International Certification for Teachers and Trainers (CICTT) with Distinction. He is a Senior Member IEEE, MIE - Life Member, ISTE. He has Honor Code Certificate in course Circuits and Electronics 6.002X by Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA (MIT) with 'A' Grade through edx. He received best teacher award and best project award from ISTE, He is a Certified Labview Associate Developer form NI, USA

Dr. K.Lakshmi Prasad obtained Ph. D in Water Resources Engineering from IIT Bombay (2000), M. Tech in Hydraulic Engineering from IIT Bombay (1985), B. Tech in Civil Engineering from JNTU College of Engineering, Anantapur, AP (1983). Handled two sponsored research and development projects worth of 3.8 crores sponsored by Dept of Science & Technology, MHRD, Govt of India 2014-18 as Principal Investigator. Completed 33 years of service in teaching and research. Published 27 papers in International refereed Journals, International and National conferences. Fellow of Institution of Engineers (India)- FIE, Member of Indian Society for Technical Education- MISTE. He Served as Principal, GITAM Institute of Technology, GITAM Deemed to be University, Visakhapatnam from 2012-2019. Served as Member, Board of Management, GITAM Deemed to be University, Visakhapatnam from 2012-2019. Served as Member, Academic Council, GITAM Deemed to be University, Visakhapatnam from 2012-2019. Served as Dean, GITAM Institute of Technology and introduced Choice based credit system with outcome based educational objectives for UG and PG courses of Engineering in 2015-16. Served as Chairman, TEQIP-II (1.2), a world bank funded project of MHRD, Govt., of India during 2012-2017. Served as coordinator for TEQIP-Phase I, Bapatla Engineering College, Bapatla, A.P., during 2003-2009. Served as Member, Academic Council, Bapatla Engineering college, Bapatla, AP during 2011-17. Served as Principal of BVSR Engineering College, Chimakurthy, Prakasam Dt.AP during 2010-12. Served as Principal, Bapatla Engineering College, Bapatla, AP during 2008-2010. Served as Chairman, Board of studies in Civil Engineering, Acharya Nagarjuna University, Nagarjuna Nagar, Guntur, AP and also as Member, BOS in Civil Engineering of Acharya Nagarjuna University.

Mohammad Kamrul Hasan completed Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) in Communication and Network Engineering from the faculty of Engineering, International Islamic University, Malaysia in 2016. He was awarded and fully sponsored by the Malaysian International Scholarship (MIS) for his entire Ph.D. program from the Ministry of Higher Education Malaysia. He completed his MSc in Communication Engineering studies from the area of Communication and Network Engineering, International Islamic University, Malaysia. Currently Dr. Kamrul is working as Assistant Professor (applied for the associate professor position) at the center for cyber security, faculty of information science and technology, the National University of Malaysia (UKM), world QoS ranking 141. In research, he demonstrated excellent outcomes and received the Gold medal award. For the publication, he awarded the best paper award for many research papers. He has been published 99 high impact factor journals recorded in Publon/Web of Science Researcher ID. Dr. Kamrul has been experienced lead engineer for the supervision, installation, setup, and fault handling of PLC, WAMS, soft drive, controllers, MUDUBUS, and Merging Units. Fault handling and programming of the ladder logic design for the industrial LAN connected Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) devices. Implementation of Landis+Gyr G370 meter configuration for the Dynamic Load Management of Bogra 50MW power plant. After Five years of dedicated service record, he resigns from the position in 2009 for his higher studies. Dr. Kamrul is a specialist well versed with elements on cutting-edge Information centric network, smart grid Communication Systems and Technologies, Telecommunications, Sensor Systems and Industrail Internet of Things, ICT Radio Communication, and Data Networking, and microcontroller-based electronic devices. Dr. Kamrul is a Senior Member of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (SMIEEE- 90852712), Member of Institution of Engineering and Technology (MIET-1100572830), and the member of Internet Society (198312). Dr. Kamrul is a certified professional technologist (P.Tech.), Malaysia. He also served the IEEE student branch as chair from 2014 to 2016. He has actively participated in many events/workshops/training for the IEEE and IEEE humanity programs in Malaysia. His application for the professional Engineer (CENG) is in progress.

Dr. G. Ramesh於2018年從安得拉邦的JNT大學Anantapur分校獲得計算機科學和工程博士學位，並於2009年從JNTUA College of Engineering獲得碩士學位。他目前在印度泰倫加納邦海得拉巴的Gokaraju Rangaraju Institute of Engineering & Technology（自主學院）擔任副教授。他在教學方面有超過11年的經驗，研究方面有6年的經驗。此外，他在領先期刊（SCI、SCOPUS和DBLP）、會議論文、1本教科書和3個國際專書章節上發表了35篇研究文章。他的研究著作被引用78次，h指數為4。他是知名國際會議的審稿人。他組織並參加了各種教師培訓計劃和會議/研討會。他還擔任了與印度國家技術學院Warangal和印度理工學院馬德拉斯分校合作，為JNTUA CE的本科和研究生學生舉辦“數據庫應用軟件和數據庫設計”課程的協調員。他目前的研究興趣包括軟件工程、機器學習、圖像處理和大數據分析。

Dr. Budati Anil Kumar於2019年從GITAM Deemed to be University獲得電子與通信工程博士學位，並於2010年從LBRCE（JNTUK Kakinada）獲得碩士學位。他於2007年從VYCET（JNTU Hyderabad）獲得學士學位。他目前在印度泰倫加納邦海得拉巴的Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation擔任副教授。他在教學方面有超過13年的經驗，研究方面有6年的經驗。此外，他在高度聲譽的出版商期刊和會議上發表了50篇研究文章，這些文章在SCIE、SCOPUS等索引中。他擔任Springer出版社的Peer-to-Peer Networking Journal、Cluster Computing Journal、IJPCC（Emerald Publisher）、IET CAAI Transactions on Intelligence Technology、IET Networks、SWCC Journal（Bentham science Publisher）和IJSCC（Inderscience Publisher）、IJUWBCS（Inderscience Publisher）期刊的客座編輯。他撰寫/編輯的教科書包括由英國泰勒和弗朗西斯出版社出版的“認知無線電：計算技術、網絡安全和挑戰”，以及由英國Wiley & Scrivener Publishing出版的“通信系統中的認知計算模型”。他自2019年起是IEEE的高級會員，IEI的會員和IETE的會士，並擔任多個國際期刊和會議的審稿人。他作為協調員主持了由AICTE新德里、DST新德里和其他機構資助的各種教師培訓計劃。他在印度和國外參加了各種教師培訓計劃和會議/研討會，並擔任演講者/會議主席。他還擔任印度多所大學的博士研究學者的指導教師。他目前的研究興趣包括認知無線電網絡、軟件定義無線電網絡、人工智能、6G新興技術、多媒體計算和5G和6G中的無人機。

Dr. J Praveen在海得拉巴的奧斯曼尼亞大學獲得了電力電子學博士學位。他的研究工作在BHEL研究和開發中心進行，並得到了大學補助委員會（UGC）的初級研究獎學金（JRF）的支持。他在電力電子學領域做出了重要的研究貢獻，並在國際和國內知名期刊和會議上發表了80多篇研究論文。他是J.N.T大學電氣與電子工程系的註冊博士生導師，目前指導八名博士研究學者。他通過Dale Carnegie & Associates Inc. Trainers（美國）、Mission 10x和Wipro等機構獲得了“高影響教學技能”國際認證。他是IEEE的高級會員，IEI的會員，並於2019年成為IETE的會士，並曾擔任多個國際期刊和會議的審稿人。他作為協調員主持了由AICTE新德里、DST新德里和其他機構資助的各種教師培訓計劃。他在印度和國外參加了各種教師培訓計劃和會議/研討會，並擔任演講者/會議主席。他還擔任印度多所大學的博士研究學者的指導教師。他目前的研究興趣包括認知無線電網絡、軟件定義無線電網絡、人工智能、6G新興技術、多媒體計算和5G和6G中的無人機。