Applied Thermodynamics in Unit Operations: Solved Examples on Energy, Exergy, and Economic Analyses of Processes
暫譯: 單元操作中的應用熱力學：能量、可用能及過程經濟分析的解題範例

能源會計日益增長的需求是化學加工廠、食品產業和能源部門工程師面臨的主要挑戰。本書對於過程中能源消耗的量化提供了清晰的貢獻，同時解決了在現實工業環境中至關重要的能源經濟方面。

Ali M. Nikbakht is an experienced engineer in energy storage systems. He has lectured and conducted industrial engaged research programs at Urmia University and Queensland University of Technology. Having worked in internal combustion engine test rooms, he obtained extensive experience in testing energy systems along with techno-economic assessment of thermal operations. He has presented workshops and seminars in thermal engineering, steam generation and distribution, HVAC and techno-economic evaluations in real-life industrial processes under the framework of 4E (energy, exergy, economy, and environment). He has commissioned the bio-energy laboratory, where solar collector simulator, fluid dynamics experimentation, biomass conversion technologies (pyrolysis and transesterification) are practiced. As a senior consultant in launching engine test room at Urmia University, he has presented novel and innovative approaches for testing, instrumentation and validation.

Broad Areas of Research:

• Energy storage systems
• Techno-economic analysis of energy systems
• Computational fluid dynamics in energy systems
• Exergy and energy in unit operations and processing industry

Ahmad Piri is a postdoctoral fellow at Urmia University, engaged in thermal evaluations of unit operations. He has a demonstrated track record of working in drying, steel, food processing, and chemical industries. Piri has been successful in monitoring the process flow of sugar processing plants and simulation evaporation and crystallization of sugar using thermodynamics and heat/mass transfer principles. He is now consulting the processing plants to develop process flow diagrams and dynamic models by Hysys and EES. Ahmad is a member of a young research team who has initiated a startup on novel drying technologies. His extensive insight on energy calculations has been demonstrated by the stakeholder when giving consultancy to thermal engineering industries.

Broad Areas of Research:

• Exergy and Thermodynamics
• Thermal engineering in fruit/food processing
• Steady-state simulation of processes in Hysys

Azharul Karim is currently working as a Professor in the School of Mechanical, Medical & Process Engineering (MMPE), Queensland University of Technology (QUT) and the director of Advanced Drying and Sustainable Energy Research (ADSER) Group (https: //research.qut.edu.au/adser/). His research is directed towards uncovering fundamental understanding of drying process by developing advanced multiscale and multiphase models using theoretical/computational and experimental methodologies. Through his scholarly, innovative, high quality research, he has established his national and international standing in his field. He has authored over 230 peer-reviewed articles, including 140 high quality Journal Papers, five books and 13 book chapters. His papers have attracted more than 7000 Scholar citations with h-index of 46. He is the editor/board member of six reputed journals including Drying Technology and Nature Scientific Reports. He has been keynote/distinguished speaker at scores of international conferences including International Drying Symposium (2022) and invited/keynote speaker in seminars in many reputed universities including Oxford University (2018) and the University of Illinois (2022). He has been awarded 21 research grants amounting about A$4 million and won multiple international awards for his outstanding contributions in multidisciplinary fields. He is the recipient of highly prestigious ARC Linkage (2021) and ARC Discovery grants (2022) at first chief investigator. He is also a leader in innovative application of 'Lean Manufacturing' concepts in hospital emergency departments to reduce long waiting times and optimize resources. Dr Karim is the inventor of many innovative new products including (1) Ultrasonic washing machine (patent WO02089652) (2) Ultrasonic dishwasher (patent WO0229148) (3) Advanced independent solar drying system (Patent 2019900943) and (4) Integrated heat pump, vacuum and microwave convective drying system (Patent 2019900942). Dr Karim's high-level achievements in both fundamental and applied research in the important area of Advanced Drying and Microwave Heating has established him as one of the world's leading researchers in these fields as demonstrated by his Field Weighted Citation Impacts (FWCI) of 2.24 and 9.82 respectively.

Broad Areas of Research:

• Multi-scale and Physics Based Modelling in Drying
• Renewable Energies and Sustainable Processing
• Artificial Intelligence and Advanced Modelling in Agri-industrial Processes
• Nano fluid solar thermal storage
• Concentrating PV-thermal collector
• Thermal Storage
• Lean Manufacturing and Lean Healthcare System

Ali M. Nikbakht 是一位在能源儲存系統方面具有豐富經驗的工程師。他曾在烏爾米亞大學和昆士蘭科技大學講授課程並進行產業參與的研究計畫。他在內燃機測試室工作，獲得了測試能源系統及熱操作的技術經濟評估的豐富經驗。他曾在熱工程、蒸汽生成與分配、暖通空調（HVAC）及實際工業過程中的技術經濟評估等領域舉辦工作坊和研討會，並在4E（能源、可用能、經濟和環境）框架下進行研究。他負責啟用生物能源實驗室，該實驗室進行太陽能集熱器模擬、流體動力學實驗以及生物質轉換技術（熱解和酯化）。作為烏爾米亞大學引擎測試室的高級顧問，他提出了測試、儀器和驗證的新穎創新方法。

廣泛研究領域：
- 能源儲存系統
- 能源系統的技術經濟分析
- 能源系統中的計算流體力學
- 單元操作和加工工業中的可用能和能源

Ahmad Piri 是烏爾米亞大學的博士後研究員，專注於單元操作的熱評估。他在乾燥、鋼鐵、食品加工和化學工業方面有著良好的工作記錄。Piri 成功監控了糖加工廠的流程，並利用熱力學和熱/質量傳遞原則模擬糖的蒸發和結晶。他目前正在為加工廠提供諮詢，開發流程圖和使用 Hysys 和 EES 的動態模型。Ahmad 是一個年輕研究團隊的成員，該團隊已啟動一個關於新型乾燥技術的初創企業。他在能源計算方面的深入見解在為熱工程行業提供諮詢時得到了利益相關者的認可。

廣泛研究領域：
- 可用能和熱力學
- 水果/食品加工中的熱工程
- Hysys 中的穩態過程模擬

Azharul Karim 目前在昆士蘭科技大學（QUT）的機械、醫療與過程工程學院（MMPE）擔任教授，並擔任先進乾燥與可持續能源研究（ADSER）小組的主任（https://research.qut.edu.au/adser/）。他的研究旨在通過使用理論/計算和實驗方法開發先進的多尺度和多相模型，來揭示乾燥過程的基本理解。通過他的學術、創新和高品質的研究，他在該領域建立了國內和國際的聲譽。他已發表超過230篇同行評審的文章，包括140篇高品質期刊論文、五本書籍和13章書籍。他的論文獲得了超過7000次的學術引用，h-index 為46。他是六本知名期刊的編輯/委員會成員，包括《Drying Technology》和《Nature Scientific Reports》。他曾在多個國際會議上擔任主題演講者，包括2022年國際乾燥研討會，並在許多知名大學的研討會中擔任受邀/主題演講者，包括牛津大學（2018年）和伊利諾伊大學（2022年）。他獲得了21項研究補助金，總額約400萬澳元，並因其在多學科領域的卓越貢獻而獲得多項國際獎項。他是2021年ARC Linkage和2022年ARC Discovery的首席研究員，這些都是極具聲望的獎項。他還在醫院急診部門創新應用「精益生產」概念，以減少長時間等待和優化資源。Karim 博士是多項創新新產品的發明者，包括（1）超聲波洗衣機（專利 WO02089652）、（2）超聲波洗碗機（專利 WO0229148）、（3）先進獨立太陽能乾燥系統（專利 2019900943）和（4）集成熱泵、真空和微波對流乾燥系統（專利 2019900942）。Karim 博士在先進乾燥和微波加熱這一重要領域的基礎和應用研究中取得的高水平成就，使他成為這些領域的世界領先研究者之一，其領域加權引用影響（FWCI）分別為2.24和9.82。

廣泛研究領域：
- 乾燥中的多尺度和基於物理的建模
- 可再生能源和可持續加工
- 農業工業過程中的人工智慧和先進建模
- 奈米流體太陽熱儲存
- 集中式光伏-熱集熱器
- 熱儲存
- 精益生產和精益醫療系統