Ethics in Artificial Intelligence and Information Technologies
暫譯: 人工智慧與資訊科技的倫理學
Arriagada-Bruneau, Gabriela, López, Claudia, Mendoza, Marcelo
相關主題
商品描述
This book addresses the challenges posed by adopting and developing new AI technologies and how they impact people. Ethics, the scope, and the impact of technology on people are vital. The book starts with the ethical aspects of AI, presenting a socio-technical approach to integrating Ethics into AI projects, and outlines perspectives around feminism, sustainability, and labor transformation. Next, the concepts of fairness, accountability, and transparency are introduced, discussing their implications for developing information systems such as recommender systems, including aspects related to data privacy. Then the book covers the relevance of natural language processing systems, highlighting debias strategies and evaluation methodologies. The scopes of fairness-based approaches for ChatGPT and other generative text models are also introduced. Finally, advanced topics that include the relationship between AI and disinformation are addressed, including a discussion of the scope of news-generative models such as deep fakes. The book ends with a discussion of the perspectives and challenges in the area.
The book is meant for an audience of advanced undergraduate and graduate students from all disciplines related to information systems. It is also helpful for researchers and practitioners interested in the subject.
商品描述(中文翻譯)
這本書探討了採用和開發新人工智慧（AI）技術所帶來的挑戰，以及這些技術對人類的影響。倫理、技術的範疇以及對人類的影響是至關重要的。書中首先介紹了人工智慧的倫理層面，提出了一種社會技術方法，將倫理整合到人工智慧專案中，並概述了與女性主義、可持續性和勞動轉型相關的觀點。接著，介紹了公平性、問責性和透明度的概念，討論了這些概念對開發資訊系統（如推薦系統）的影響，包括與數據隱私相關的方面。然後，書中涵蓋了自然語言處理系統的相關性，強調去偏見策略和評估方法論。還介紹了基於公平性的方法在 ChatGPT 和其他生成文本模型中的應用範疇。最後，書中探討了人工智慧與假資訊之間的關係，包括對新聞生成模型（如深度偽造）的範疇的討論。書的結尾討論了該領域的觀點和挑戰。
本書適合所有與資訊系統相關的高年級本科生和研究生閱讀。對於對該主題感興趣的研究人員和實務工作者也非常有幫助。
作者簡介
Gabriela Arriagada-Bruneau is an Assistant Professor with double appointment in the Applied Ethics (IEA) and Mathematical and Computational Engineering (IMC) Institutes at Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. She is a philosopher in the same university, and holds a Master of Science in Philosophy from The University of Edinburgh. She is a doctoral candidate with a specialization in Applied Ethics, particularly ethics of AI and data at the University of Leeds. She is a Young Researcher at the National Center of Artificial Intelligence in Chile (CENIA) and is the Latin American Lead for the World Ethical Data Foundation (WEDF). She has participated in expert consultations to develop the first Chilean regulation of Artificial Intelligence and UNESCO recommendations on neuroethics. Her current research interest is in Bias and Fairness in AI, Feminist Philosophy of Science, and Ethics of Disabilities.
Claudia López works as an assistant professor at Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María in Valparaíso, Chile. Additionally, she is a principal researcher at the National Center of Artificial Intelligence (CENIA) and the Millennium Nucleus on the Futures of Artificial Intelligence Research (FAIR) in the same country. She earned her PhD in Information Science and Technology from the University of Pittsburgh. Claudia, who has a background as an Informatics Engineer, focuses her research on human-centred artificial intelligence, social computing, and human-computer interaction (HCI). Her current projects focus on understanding how citizens perceive AI, making the use of AI more transparent, and incorporating ethical considerations in AI development. Claudia actively promotes a socio-technical perspective of AI in public discussions and is deeply involved in initiatives to strengthen the research in HCI in Latin America and increase women's participation in technology development.
Marcelo Mendoza is an associate professor in the Computer Science Department at Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. He received a Ph.D. in Computer Science from the Universidad de Chile. He did a postdoc in Yahoo Research. He is a founder and former President of the Chilean Association of Pattern Recognition and President of the Chilean Foundation for Transparency and Democracy. He is a principal researcher at the National Center of Artificial Intelligence (CENIA) and associate researcher at the Millennium Institute for Foundational Research on Data (IMFD). His research is focused on developing AI methods to measure and predict events and processes involving humans. His work includes the study of information dissemination, the spatial distribution of humans within cities, community formation, and the analysis of constructive and destructive interactions among individuals. His contributions are significant in advancing the understanding of how AI can address complex societal challenges, particularly those related to the dynamics of human behavior. He has published over 100 peer-reviewed papers in conference proceedings and top-tier journals. In 2021, he received the Seoul Test of Time award for co-authoring the paper Information Credibility on Twitter, a pioneering study in applying AI to the analysis of misinformation.
作者簡介(中文翻譯)
**Gabriela Arriagada-Bruneau** 是智利天主教大學應用倫理學（IEA）和數學與計算工程（IMC）研究所的助理教授。她是該大學的哲學家，並擁有愛丁堡大學的哲學碩士學位。她目前是利茲大學的博士候選人，專攻應用倫理學，特別是人工智慧（AI）和數據的倫理。她是智利國家人工智慧中心（CENIA）的青年研究員，也是世界倫理數據基金會（WEDF）在拉丁美洲的負責人。她參與了專家諮詢，以制定智利首部人工智慧法規及聯合國教科文組織有關神經倫理的建議。她目前的研究興趣包括人工智慧中的偏見與公平性、女性主義科學哲學以及殘障倫理。
**Claudia López** 在智利瓦爾帕萊索的聖瑪利亞技術大學擔任助理教授。此外，她還是智利國家人工智慧中心（CENIA）和人工智慧研究未來千禧核心（FAIR）的首席研究員。她在匹茲堡大學獲得信息科學與技術的博士學位。Claudia 擁有資訊工程師的背景，專注於以人為中心的人工智慧、社會計算和人機互動（HCI）的研究。她目前的項目專注於理解公民如何看待人工智慧，使人工智慧的使用更加透明，並在人工智慧開發中納入倫理考量。Claudia 積極推廣人工智慧的社會技術觀點，並深度參與加強拉丁美洲人機互動研究的倡議，提升女性在技術開發中的參與。
**Marcelo Mendoza** 是智利天主教大學計算機科學系的副教授。他在智利大學獲得計算機科學博士學位，並在雅虎研究所進行了博士後研究。他是智利模式識別協會的創始人及前任會長，也是智利透明與民主基金會的會長。他是智利國家人工智慧中心（CENIA）的首席研究員，並擔任數據基礎研究千禧研究所（IMFD）的副研究員。他的研究專注於開發人工智慧方法，以測量和預測涉及人類的事件和過程。他的工作包括信息傳播的研究、城市中人類的空間分佈、社區形成，以及個體之間建設性和破壞性互動的分析。他的貢獻在於推進對人工智慧如何應對複雜社會挑戰的理解，特別是與人類行為動態相關的挑戰。他在會議論文和頂級期刊上發表了超過100篇經過同行評審的論文。2021年，他因共同撰寫論文《Twitter上的信息可信度》而獲得首爾時光測試獎，這是一項在人工智慧應用於虛假信息分析方面的開創性研究。
