Sustainable Energy and Fuels: Materials, Processing Methods, and Development
暫譯: 可持續能源與燃料：材料、加工方法與發展

本書的主要目標是提供各種可再生能源和燃料的傳導機制、結構建設、運作、性能評估及應用的最新技術狀況。

Piush Verma is working as Registrar at Guru Kashi University (GKU), Bathinda. Before joining GKU, Bathinda, he worked as a professor in electrical engineering at National Institute of Technical Teachers Training and Research Chandigarh (NITTTR) India, from 2019 to 2023. Before joining NITTTR, Dr Verma was Vice Chancellor of Bahra University Shimla Hills. Dr. Verma was Campus Director at Rayat-Bahra Group of Institutions, Patiala Campus, for more than ten years. He has served Thapar Group for more than 17 years, which includes Thapar University, Thapar Research & Development Centre, and Patiala and M/s Crompton Greaves Hydro Division Ltd. Dr. Verma completed his PhD and Master of Engineering with honors from Thapar University, Patiala. He has nearly 36 years of teaching, research, industry, and administrative experience. During these periods, he published many research papers and filed one patent. He has supervised a number of ME theses and PhDs, in the area of electrical, electronics, and communication engineering. He is a member of IEEE, USA, a Fellow of the Institution of Engineers, India, and a Senior Member of the International Association of Computer Science and Information Technology (IACSIT), Singapore. He was honored with the Best Administration Award from the MHRD Ministry (AIMTC) and the Institution of Engineers (India). He has visited more than 20 countries, including the USA, UK, France, Indonesia, Dubai, Germany, Singapore, Malaysia, Thailand, Hong Kong, and Canada for collaborative research projects and invited lectures. He is a member of the Board of Studies for Electrical Engineering, Punjab Technical University (PTU), Jalandhar. He is a member of the Board of Studies GNE (Deemed University) Ludhiana, and a member of the Board of Research Studies at the National Institute of Technology (NIT), Hamirpur. He is the recipient of the Best Paper Award from the Institution of Engineers. Dr. Verma is a reviewer for IEEE Transactions, USA, and Electrical Power Components and Systems, of Taylor & Francis, UK.

Ahmed Boubakeur was born on April 1, 1952, in Biskra, Algeria. In June 1975, he obtained an engineering degree in electrical engineering from the École Nationale Polytechnique (ENP) in Algiers. He obtained a certificate of specialization in high-voltage engineering, and in May 1979, he defended his doctoral thesis in technical sciences (PhD) at the Institute of High Voltages of the Polytechnic School of Warsaw, Poland (currently Technical University of Warsaw (TUW)). He has a certificate in intellectual property from the WIPO Worldwide Academy (2002) and a certificate in eco-management from ENP/EPF Lausanne (2003). He is currently a full professor at ENP, where he has taught and directed research works in the field of high-voltage engineering since 1979. In the same field, he has provided graduation and post-graduation (master's level) courses in some Algerian universities (Béjaïa, Batna, Jijel) and has been a visiting professor at the Polytechnic School of the University of Nantes (France) and at the Warsaw University of Technology (WUT). He has given conferences at the Wroclaw University of Sciences and Technology (Poland) and at Cardiff University (UK). He has supervised 24 master's theses since 1984 (ENP, U-Tizi-Ouzou, U-Béjaïa, U-Batna) and 14 doctorate theses (PhD) since 2000 (ENP and U-Béjaïa). He is currently supervising several theses, some of which are in the new system (LMD).

Since 1991, he has taught intellectual property and standardization at ENP. He taught the graduated intellectual property course at the Department of Industrial Engineering of the University of Batna, as well as at the ENSET d'Oran (ENP-Oran) as part of his post-graduate training in innovation. He has also taught legal metrology at ENP since 2011. He organized and participated in the supervision of an ENP/EPF Lausanne eco-management training course in 2002 and 2003, contributing to the introduction of environmental management tools in the training of ENP engineers.

From 1980 to August 2021, he published 56 publications in internationally renowned journals, 120 papers at international congresses (IEEE conferences, ISH, CLDP, etc.) and 72 papers at national conferences (CNHT, etc.), all of which have been published in edited proceedings. He is a member of scientific committees and organizing committees of several national and international conferences (CNHT, CNCEM, ICEE, COMADEM, CISTEM, etc.). His research axes concern various topics of insulation technology (partial discharges, breakdown, aging of insulating materials, diagnosis, etc.) and insulation coordination (pollution of insulators, earthing, lightning and lightning protection, etc.).

He is a member of the Association of Graduates from ENP (AD-ENP) and a member of the Association of High Voltage Electric Networks ARELEC (Algeria). He is a CIGRE member (through the ARELEC as Algerian NC), Senior Member of IEEE, and a member of the DEI-Society, and for a few years, he was a member of the Education Society and of the NPS Society. He is a member of the IEEE Algeria Section and of the DEI IEEE Algeria Section Chapter. He is a reviewer for various journals including those of IET (MST and GTD) and IEEE (transaction on DEI). He has been a member of the Editorial Board of the International Journal of Electrical and Power Engineering (created in 2007), and from July 2014 to August 2019, he was a member of the Editorial Board and Associate Editor of the journal IET Science Measurement and Technology. Since January 2021, he has been Associate Editor and member of the editorial board of the ENP Engineering Science journal. He has served at ENP as Head of Department of Fundamental Sciences (1983-1985), Head of Department of Electrical Engineering (1985-1986), Director of (Undergraduate) Studies (1986-1989 and 1995-2003), and finally, Deputy Director in charge of continuing education and external relations (2005-2019). Since 1995, he has contributed to the rapprochement between ENP and industry and has set up some models of university-industry relationships in Algeria which have been the subject of international communications (UNESCO congresses, QRM/I.MEch.E in Oxford, etc.) and which continue to serve to simplify the realization of scientific and educational works in collaboration with industrial enterprises.He participated in the organization of the ENP Young Innovator competition and helped to set up an innovation center at ENP (opened in June 2007). He has collaborated in European Tempus projects on the quality of training, innovation, and the employability of engineers. The latter led to the establishment of the "House of Industry" at ENP. He participated in various commissions of the Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research: President of the National Pedagogical Committee of Electrical Engineering from 1986 to 1988, President of the Commission on Training-Employment Relations from 1995 to 1997, member of the Commissions on Training Programs, and member of the National Equivalences Commission and other think tanks on higher education systems. He has also participated in working groups at the ministries responsible for SMEs, industry, trade, and ICT. He was a member of the Scientific Committees of USTHB (three years) and EMP Engineers School (six years).

Leila Mekhnache is a professor in the Department of Electrical Engineering at the University of Batna 2, Algeria, and Head of the National Higher School for Renewable Energies, Environment & Sustainable Development (RE2=SD), opened in June 2020. She received her master's and doctorate from the École Nationale Polytechnique of Algiers in 2004, which was based on the application of neural networks in the diagnosis and aging prediction of high-voltage insulations, and it was the first application of AI in the field of high voltage. Her research work is in the fields of diagnosis, prediction, and maintenance of high-voltage systems using artificial intelligence. She also worked on numerical methods (FEM) in high-voltage insulation and electromagnetics. She has participated in many international conferences, and she has published more than 100 papers and publications. She is a member of many technical and scientific boards for international journals and conferences. She is now leading a project for a renewable power plant for 2 MWc in Batna 2 with many applications (smart grid, smart home, and applications in agriculture, traffic, and water desalination).

Balwinder Raj is currently working as an associate professor in the ECE Department, at NIT, Jalandhar, India. He has more than 15 years of teaching/research experience. He completed a B.Tech in electronics engineering (PTU Jalandhar), M.Tech in microelectronics (PU Chandigarh), and a PhD in VLSI design (IIT Roorkee), India, in 2004, 2006, and 2010, respectively. For other research work, the European Commission awarded him a Mobility of Life research fellowship for postdoc research work at the University of Rome, Tor Vergata, Italy, in 2010-2011. He also worked as a visiting researcher at KTH University, Sweden, from October to November 2013, and at Alto University, Finland, in July 2017. He has visited countries such as Japan, Australia, Malaysia, Italy, Sweden, Finland, and Thailand for research collaborative projects, invited lectures, and conferences. Dr.Raj has authored/co-authored five books, 12 book chapters, and more than 100 research papers in peer-reviewed international/national journals and conferences. He has guided eight PhDs, and currently four PhD scholars are working with him. He guided more than 40 M.Tech students. Dr. Raj completed five research projects from DST Delhi, SERB Delhi, and CIMO Finland. Currently, he is handling two research projects from AICTE and ISRO. His areas of interest in research are classical/non-classical nanoscale semiconductor device modeling, memory design for AI applications, low-power VLSI design, digital/analog VLSI design, and FPGA implementation.

**Piush Verma** 目前擔任巴廷達的古魯卡希大學（Guru Kashi University, GKU）註冊主任。在加入GKU之前，他於2019年至2023年間在印度昌迪加爾的國立技術教師培訓與研究所（National Institute of Technical Teachers Training and Research, NITTTR）擔任電機工程教授。在加入NITTTR之前，Verma博士曾擔任巴哈拉大學（Bahra University）希姆拉山校區的副校長。Verma博士在雷亞特-巴哈拉教育集團（Rayat-Bahra Group of Institutions）巴提亞拉校區擔任校區主任超過十年。他在Thapar集團工作超過17年，該集團包括Thapar大學、Thapar研究與發展中心，以及巴提亞拉的克朗普頓·格里夫斯水力部門（M/s Crompton Greaves Hydro Division Ltd.）。Verma博士在Thapar大學獲得榮譽博士學位和工程碩士學位。他擁有近36年的教學、研究、產業和行政經驗。在這段期間，他發表了多篇研究論文並申請了一項專利。他指導了多篇碩士論文和博士論文，專注於電機、電子和通信工程領域。他是美國IEEE的會員、印度工程師學會的院士，以及新加坡國際計算機科學與信息技術協會（IACSIT）的高級會員。他曾獲得印度人力資源發展部（MHRD）和工程師學會頒發的最佳行政獎。他曾訪問超過20個國家，包括美國、英國、法國、印尼、杜拜、德國、新加坡、馬來西亞、泰國、香港和加拿大，進行合作研究項目和受邀演講。他是旁遮普技術大學（Punjab Technical University, PTU）電機工程學科委員會的成員，也是盧迪亞納的GNE（被認可大學）學科委員會成員，以及哈米爾普爾國立技術學院（National Institute of Technology, NIT）的研究學科委員會成員。他曾獲得工程師學會的最佳論文獎。Verma博士是《IEEE Transactions》及英國泰勒與法蘭西出版社的《Electrical Power Components and Systems》的審稿人。

**Ahmed Boubakeur** 於1952年4月1日出生於阿爾及利亞比斯克拉。1975年6月，他在阿爾及爾的國立工藝學院（École Nationale Polytechnique, ENP）獲得電機工程學位。他獲得高壓工程的專業證書，並於1979年5月在波蘭華沙的高壓技術研究所（Institute of High Voltages of the Polytechnic School of Warsaw，現為華沙科技大學）辯護其技術科學博士論文（PhD）。他於2002年獲得世界知識產權組織（WIPO）全球學院的知識產權證書，並於2003年獲得洛桑的ENP/EPF生態管理證書。他目前是ENP的全職教授，自1979年以來一直在高壓工程領域教授和指導研究工作。在同一領域，他在一些阿爾及利亞大學（比賈亞、巴特納、吉傑爾）提供本科和研究生（碩士級別）課程，並曾擔任法國南特大學的訪問教授及華沙科技大學的訪問教授。他曾在波蘭的弗羅茨瓦夫科技大學和英國的卡迪夫大學舉辦過會議。自1984年以來，他指導了24篇碩士論文（ENP、U-Tizi-Ouzou、U-Béjaïa、U-Batna）和自2000年以來的14篇博士論文（PhD）（ENP和U-Béjaïa）。他目前正在指導幾篇論文，其中一些是新系統（LMD）下的論文。

自1991年以來，他在ENP教授知識產權和標準化。他在巴特納大學的工業工程系教授畢業的知識產權課程，以及在奧蘭的ENSET（ENP-Oran）進行創新研究生培訓時教授該課程。他自2011年以來還在ENP教授法律計量學。他於2002年和2003年組織並參與了ENP/EPF洛桑的生態管理培訓課程，為ENP工程師的培訓引入環境管理工具。

從1980年到2021年8月，他在國際知名期刊上發表了56篇出版物，在國際會議上發表了120篇論文（IEEE會議、ISH、CLDP等），以及在國內會議上發表了72篇論文（CNHT等），所有這些都已在編輯的會議紀要中發表。他是多個國內外會議（CNHT、CNCEM、ICEE、COMADEM、CISTEM等）的科學委員會和組織委員會成員。他的研究方向涉及絕緣技術的各種主題（局部放電、擊穿、絕緣材料的老化、診斷等）和絕緣協調（絕緣體的污染、接地、雷電及雷電保護等）。

他是ENP畢業生協會（AD-ENP）和高壓電網協會（ARELEC，阿爾及利亞）的成員。他是CIGRE的成員（通過ARELEC作為阿爾及利亞國家委員會）、IEEE的高級會員，以及DEI-Society的成員，並且在幾年內曾是教育學會和NPS學會的成員。他是IEEE阿爾及利亞分會和DEI IEEE阿爾及利亞分會章程的成員。他是多個期刊的審稿人，包括IET（MST和GTD）和IEEE（DEI交易）。他曾是《國際電氣與電力工程期刊》（International Journal of Electrical and Power Engineering，創建於2007年）的編輯委員會成員，並於2014年7月至2019年8月擔任《IET Science Measurement and Technology》期刊的編輯委員會成員和副編輯。自2021年1月以來，他擔任《ENP工程科學》期刊的副編輯和編輯委員會成員。他曾在ENP擔任基礎科學系主任（1983-1985）、電機工程系主任（1985-1986）、本科研究主任（1986-1989和1995-2003），以及負責繼續教育和對外關係的副主任（2005-2019）。自1995年以來，他促進了ENP與產業之間的接觸，並在阿爾及利亞建立了一些大學與產業關係的模型，這些模型已成為國際交流的主題（聯合國教科文組織會議、牛津的QRM/I.MEch.E等），並持續為簡化與工業企業合作的科學和教育工作提供服務。他參與了ENP青年創新者競賽的組織，並幫助在ENP建立了一個創新中心（於2007年6月開放）。他參與了歐洲Tempus項目，專注於培訓質量、創新和工程師的就業能力。後者導致在ENP建立了“工業之家”。他參與了高等教育和科學研究部的各種委員會：1986年至1988年擔任電機工程國家教學委員會主席，1995年至1997年擔任培訓-就業關係委員會主席，並擔任培訓計劃委員會、國家等效委員會及其他高等教育系統的智囊團成員。他還參與了負責中小企業、工業、貿易和資訊通信技術的部門的工作小組。他曾是USTHB（三年）和EMP工程學校（六年）的科學委員會成員。

**Leila Mekhnache** 是阿爾及利亞巴特納2大學電機工程系的教授，並擔任國立可再生能源、環境與可持續發展高等學校（RE2=SD）的主任，該校於2020年6月開設。她於2004年在阿爾及爾的國立工藝學院獲得碩士和博士學位，研究基於神經網絡在高壓絕緣的診斷和老化預測的應用，這是人工智慧在高壓領域的首次應用。她的研究工作集中在使用人工智慧進行高壓系統的診斷、預測和維護。她還研究了高壓絕緣和電磁學中的數值方法（FEM）。她參加了許多國際會議，並發表了超過100篇論文和出版物。她是多個國際期刊和會議的技術和科學委員會成員。她目前正在巴特納2開展一個2 MWc的可再生電廠項目，並有多種應用（智慧電網、智慧家居，以及在農業、交通和海水淡化中的應用）。

**Balwinder Raj** 目前在印度哈爾瓦爾的國立技術學院（NIT, Jalandhar）擔任副教授。他擁有超過15年的教學/研究經驗。他分別於2004年、2006年和2010年在旁遮普大學（PU Chandigarh）獲得電子工程學士學位（B.Tech）、微電子學碩士學位（M.Tech）和VLSI設計博士學位（PhD）。因其他研究工作，歐洲委員會於2010-2011年授予他在意大利羅馬托爾維爾加大學的流動性研究獎學金。他還於2013年10月至11月在瑞典KTH大學和2017年7月在芬蘭阿爾托大學擔任訪問研究員。他曾因研究合作項目、受邀演講和會議訪問過日本、澳大利亞、馬來西亞、意大利、瑞典、芬蘭和泰國等國。Raj博士已著作/合著五本書、12章書籍和超過100篇在同行評審的國際/國內期刊和會議上發表的研究論文。他指導了八位博士生，目前有四位博士生與他合作。他指導了超過40名碩士生。Raj博士完成了來自德里DST、德里SERB和芬蘭CIMO的五個研究項目。目前，他正在處理來自AICTE和ISRO的兩個研究項目。他的研究興趣包括經典/非經典納米級半導體器件建模、AI應用的記憶體設計、低功耗VLSI設計、數位/類比VLSI設計和FPGA實現。