Big Crisis Data: Social Media in Disasters and Time-Critical Situations

Social media is an invaluable source of time-critical information during a crisis. However, emergency response and humanitarian relief organizations that would like to use this information struggle with an avalanche of social media messages that exceeds the human capacity to process. Emergency managers, decision makers, and affected communities can make sense of social media through a combination of machine computation and human compassion - expressed by thousands of digital volunteers who publish, process, and summarize potentially life-saving information. This book brings together computational methods from many disciplines: natural language processing, semantic technologies, data mining, machine learning, network analysis, human-computer interaction, and information visualization, focusing on methods that are commonly used for processing social media messages under time-critical constraints, and offering more than 500 references to in-depth information.

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• Domain specific, rather than method specific
• Accessible to a broad audience, including practitioners and those involved in crisis management, rather than just computer scientists
• Allows the reader to make sense of a rapidly developing area

Carlos Castillo is a researcher in social computing. He is a web miner with a background in information retrieval, and has been influential in the areas of web content quality and credibility. He has co-authored more than seventy publications in top-tier international conferences and journals, a monograph on adversarial web search, and a book on information and influence propagation.

1. Introduction
2. Volume: data acquisition, storage, and retrieval
3. Vagueness: natural language and semantics
4. Variety: classification and clustering
5. Virality: networks and information propagation
6. Velocity: online methods and data streams
7. Volunteers: humanitarian crowdsourcing
8. Veracity: misinformation and credibility
9. Validity: biases and pitfalls of social media data
10. Visualization: crisis maps and beyond
11. Values: privacy and ethics
12. Conclusions and outlook.