High Performance Datacenter Networks: Architectures, Algorithms, & Opportunities (Synthesis Lectures on Computer Architecture)

Datacenter networks provide the communication substrate for large parallel computer systems that form the ecosystem for high performance computing (HPC) systems and modern Internet applications. The design of new datacenter networks is motivated by an array of applications ranging from communication intensive climatology, complex material simulations and molecular dynamics to such Internet applications as Web search, language translation, collaborative Internet applications, streaming video and voice-over-IP. For both Supercomputing and Cloud Computing the network enables distributed applications to communicate and interoperate in an orchestrated and efficient way. This book describes the design and engineering tradeoffs of datacenter networks. It describes interconnection networks from topology and network architecture to routing algorithms, and presents opportunities for taking advantage of the emerging technology trends that are influencing router microarchitecture. With the emergence of "many-core" processor chips, it is evident that we will also need "many-port" routing chips to provide a bandwidth-rich network to avoid the performance limiting effects of Amdahl's Law. We provide an overview of conventional topologies and their routing algorithms and show how technology, signaling rates and cost-effective optics are motivating new network topologies that scale up to millions of hosts. The book also provides detailed case studies of two high performance parallel computer systems and their networks. Table of Contents: Introduction / Background / Topology Basics / High-Radix Topologies / Routing / Scalable Switch Microarchitecture / System Packaging / Case Studies / Closing Remarks

資料中心網路為大型並行電腦系統提供通訊基礎，形成高效能運算系統和現代網際網路應用的生態系統。新資料中心網路的設計受到各種應用的驅動，從通訊密集型的氣候學、複雜材料模擬和分子動力學，到網際網路應用如網頁搜尋、語言翻譯、協作網路應用、串流影片和網路語音。對於超級運算和雲端運算，網路使分散式應用程式能夠以協調和高效的方式進行通訊和互操作。

本書描述了資料中心網路的設計和工程取捨。從拓撲和網路架構到路由演算法，介紹了互連網路，並提供了利用影響路由器微架構的新興技術趨勢的機會。隨著「多核心」處理器芯片的出現，顯然我們也需要「多埠」路由芯片，以提供寬頻豐富的網路，避免阿姆達爾定律的性能限制效應。我們概述了傳統拓撲及其路由演算法，並展示了技術、信號速率和具有成本效益的光學技術如何推動可擴展到數百萬主機的新網路拓撲。本書還提供了兩個高效能並行電腦系統及其網路的詳細案例研究。

目錄：引言 / 背景 / 拓撲基礎 / 高級別拓撲 / 路由 / 可擴展交換機微架構 / 系統封裝 / 案例研究 / 結語