Publishing and Using Cultural Heritage Linked Data on the Semantic Web (Paperback)

Cultural Heritage (CH) data is syntactically and semantically heterogeneous, multilingual, semantically rich, and highly interlinked. It is produced in a distributed, open fashion by museums, libraries, archives, and media organizations, as well as individual persons. Managing publication of such richness and variety of content on the Web, and at the same time supporting distributed, interoperable content creation processes, poses challenges where traditional publication approaches need to be re-thought. Application of the principles and technologies of Linked Data and the Semantic Web is a new, promising approach to address these problems. This development is leading to the creation of large national and international CH portals, such as Europeana, to large open data repositories, such as the Linked Open Data Cloud, and massive publications of linked library data in the U.S., Europe, and Asia. Cultural Heritage has become one of the most successful application domains of Linked Data and Semantic Web technologies.

This book gives an overview on why, when, and how Linked (Open) Data and Semantic Web technologies can be employed in practice in publishing CH collections and other content on the Web. The text first motivates and presents a general semantic portal model and publishing framework as a solution approach to distributed semantic content creation, based on an ontology infrastructure. On the Semantic Web, such an infrastructure includes shared metadata models, ontologies, and logical reasoning, and is supported by shared ontology and other Web services alleviating the use of the new technology and linked data in legacy cataloging systems. The goal of all this is to provide layman users and researchers with new, more intelligent and usable Web applications that can be utilized by other Web applications, too, via well-defined Application Programming Interfaces (API). At the same time, it is possible to provide publishing organizations with more cost-efficient solutions for content creation and publication.

This book is targeted to computer scientists, museum curators, librarians, archivists, and other CH professionals interested in Linked Data and CH applications on the Semantic Web. The text is focused on practice and applications, making it suitable to students, researchers, and practitioners developing Web services and applications of CH, as well as to CH managers willing to understand the technical issues and challenges involved in linked data publication.

Table of Contents: Cultural Heritage on the Semantic Web / Portal Model for Collaborative CH Publishing / Requirements for Publishing Linked Data / Metadata Schemas / Domain Vocabularies and Ontologies / Logic Rules for Cultural Heritage / Cultural Content Creation / Semantic Services for Human and Machine Users / Conclusions

文化遺產（CH）數據在語法和語義上是異質的，多語言的，語義豐富的，並且高度相互關聯。它由博物館，圖書館，檔案館，媒體組織以及個人以分散的、開放的方式產生。在網絡上管理這種豐富和多樣化的內容的發布，同時支持分散的、互操作的內容創建過程，對傳統的發布方法提出了需要重新思考的挑戰。應用聯繫數據和語義網的原則和技術是解決這些問題的一種新的、有前景的方法。這一發展正在導致建立大型的國家和國際CH門戶，如Europeana，以及大型的開放數據庫，如聯繫開放數據雲，以及在美國、歐洲和亞洲大量發布的鏈接圖書館數據。文化遺產已成為聯繫數據和語義網技術最成功的應用領域之一。

本書概述了為什麼、何時以及如何在Web上發布CH收藏和其他內容時可以實際應用聯繫（開放）數據和語義網技術。該文首先以本體基礎設施為基礎，提出了一個通用的語義門戶模型和發布框架作為分散語義內容創建的解決方案。在語義網上，這樣的基礎設施包括共享的元數據模型、本體和邏輯推理，並且由共享的本體和其他Web服務支持，減輕了新技術和鏈接數據在遺留目錄系統中的使用。所有這些的目標是為普通用戶和研究人員提供新的、更智能和可用的Web應用程序，這些應用程序也可以通過明確定義的應用程序編程接口（API）被其他Web應用程序利用。同時，還可以為發布組織提供更具成本效益的內容創建和發布解決方案。

本書針對對聯繫數據和語義網技術以及在語義網上應用CH的計算機科學家、博物館館長、圖書館員、檔案館員和其他CH專業人士。該文本專注於實踐和應用，適合開發CH Web服務和應用程序的學生、研究人員和從業人員，以及願意了解鏈接數據發布中涉及的技術問題和挑戰的CH管理人員。

目錄：語義網上的文化遺產/協作CH發布的門戶模型/發布鏈接數據的要求/元數據模式/領域詞彙和本體/文化遺產的邏輯規則/文化內容創建/人類和機器用戶的語義服務/結論