Artificial Intelligence and National Security

This book explores national security uses for Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Western Democracies and its malicious use. This book also investigates the legal, political, ethical, moral, privacy and human rights implications of the national security uses of AI and the aforementioned democracies. It illustrates how artificial intelligence for national security purposes could threaten most individual fundamental rights, and the use of AI in digital policing could undermine user human rights and privacy. In relation to its examination of the adversarial uses of AI, this book discusses how certain countries use AI to launch disinformation attacks by automating the creation of false or misleading information to subvert public discourse. With regards to the potential of AI for national security purposes, this book investigates how AI could be utilized in content moderation to counter violent extremism on social media platforms. It also discusses the current practices in using AI in managing Big Data Analytics demands.
As a general-purpose, dual-use technology for AI can be deployed for both good and evil. The use of AI is increasingly becoming of paramount importance to the government's mission to keep their nations safe. However, the design, development and use of AI for national security poses a wide range of legal, ethical, moral and privacy challenges. This book analyses the implications of these challenges and offers solutions that can be mitigated or eradicated wherever possible.

This book provides a reference point for researchers and advanced-level students studying or working in the fields of cyber security, artificial intelligence, social sciences, network security as well as law and criminology. Professionals working within these related fields and law enforcement employees will also find this book valuable as a reference.

本書探討了人工智慧（AI）在西方民主國家中用於國家安全的用途，以及其惡意使用。本書還調查了AI在國家安全使用中的法律、政治、倫理、道德、隱私和人權影響，以及前述民主國家的影響。它說明了人工智慧在國家安全目的下如何威脅到大多數個人的基本權利，以及在數位警察工作中使用人工智慧如何削弱使用者的人權和隱私。關於對抗性使用人工智慧的研究，本書討論了某些國家如何使用人工智慧發動虛假或誤導性資訊的自動創建，以破壞公共論述。關於人工智慧在國家安全目的中的潛力，本書研究了如何利用人工智慧在社交媒體平台上進行內容審查以對抗暴力極端主義。它還討論了在大數據分析需求管理中使用人工智慧的當前實踐。

作為一種通用的雙用途技術，人工智慧可以用於善惡兩種目的。對於政府保護國家安全的使命來說，使用人工智慧越來越重要。然而，為了國家安全而設計、開發和使用人工智慧也帶來了廣泛的法律、倫理、道德和隱私挑戰。本書分析了這些挑戰的影響，並提供了盡可能減輕或消除這些挑戰的解決方案。

本書為研究人員和高級學生提供了參考，他們在網絡安全、人工智慧、社會科學、網絡安全以及法律和犯罪學等領域進行研究或工作。在這些相關領域和執法機構工作的專業人士也會發現本書作為參考資料非常有價值。

​Dr. Reza Montasari is a Senior Lecturer in Cyber Threats at the Department of Criminology, Sociology and Social Policy in the School of Social Sciences at Swansea University, Wales, United Kingdom (UK). Dr. Montasari is also a member of the Cyber Threats Research Centre (CYTREC) at Swansea University, which focuses on addressing a wide range of online threats, from terrorism, extremism and cybercrime to child sexual exploitation and grooming online. Reza serves as a Member of Strategic Independent Advisory Group at South Wales Police (Cardiff, Wales, UK), and a Programme Chair, Programme Steering Member, and Committee Member of the Annual International Conference on Global Security, Safety & Sustainability. Reza holds a BSc (Hons) in Multimedia Computing and an MSc in Computer Forensics both from the University of South Wales and a PhD in Digital Forensics from the University of Derby. He is a Fellow of Higher Education Academy (FHEA), a Chartered Engineer (CEng), and a Member of the Institution of Engineering and Technology (IET).
Reza's main research interests lie in the areas of Digital Forensics, Cyber Security, Cyber Warfare, and Artificial Intelligence but also include Cyber Law and Cyber Criminology. Reza is a prolific publisher of academic research and is frequently invited to present or be a panelist at various international security-related conferences. Reza is an experienced professor, supervisor and examiner of both undergraduate and postgraduate candidates, as well as having extensive experience in reviewing and examining programmes of study. Reza is also very experienced at designing, developing and validating both new programmes of studies and new modules. He is or has been an External Examiner to the University of South Wales (Newport, UK) and the University of Northampton (Northampton, UK). He has also acted as the External Member of Validation Panel for Postgraduate Computer Forensics and Security at Leeds Beckett University (Leeds, UK), and an External Assessor for Validation and Review for MSc Digital Forensics / MSc Information Security Management at Middlesex University (London, UK).

​Dr. Reza Montasari是英國威爾斯斯旺西大學社會科學學院犯罪學、社會學和社會政策系的網絡威脅高級講師。Montasari博士也是斯旺西大學網絡威脅研究中心（CYTREC）的成員，該中心致力於解決從恐怖主義、極端主義和網絡犯罪到兒童性剝削和網絡誘拐等各種線上威脅。Reza還擔任南威爾斯警察（英國威爾斯卡迪夫）戰略獨立諮詢小組成員，以及全球安全、安全性和可持續性年度國際會議的節目主席、節目指導成員和委員會成員。Reza擁有南威爾斯大學多媒體計算榮譽學士學位和計算機取證碩士學位，以及德比大學數字取證博士學位。他是高等教育學院（FHEA）的會士、特許工程師（CEng）和工程技術學會（IET）的會員。
Reza的主要研究興趣包括數字取證、網絡安全、網絡戰爭和人工智能，還包括網絡法和網絡犯罪學。Reza是一位多產的學術研究發表者，經常應邀在各種國際安全相關會議上發表演講或擔任小組討論嘉賓。Reza是一位經驗豐富的本科和研究生候選人教授、指導教師和考官，並且在審查和考核課程方面擁有豐富經驗。Reza在設計、開發和驗證新的課程和模塊方面也非常有經驗。他曾擔任南威爾斯大學（英國紐波特）和諾桑比亞大學（英國諾桑比亞）的外部考官，並擔任利茲貝克特大學（英國利茲）研究生計算機取證和安全的外部驗證小組成員，以及米德爾塞克斯大學（英國倫敦）MSc數字取證/ MSc信息安全管理的外部評估員。