Dynamic Response of Coasts and Estuaries to Human Impacts: Problems and Solutions
暫譯: 人類影響下海岸與河口的動態反應：問題與解決方案

海岸線涵蓋了海洋、河口和淡水環境中多樣的生態系統。這些地區是人口最密集和訪問量最大的區域之一，同時也是受到威脅最嚴重的自然棲息地。沿海地區對於居住在那裡的人們以及地球的健康至關重要。許多世界上的河口和沿海環境正面臨著全球暖化和人為影響加劇所帶來的巨大壓力。水溫上升、海平面上升、熱帶氣旋、風暴潮和洪水，以及海岸侵蝕，都是影響全球沿海社區並改變這些環境的一些因素。隨著風暴事件及其相關的風暴潮頻率和強度的增加，海洋熱浪也在摧毀珊瑚礁。人類活動如污水排放、過度捕撈、航道疏浚、土地開發、港口建設和海洋塑料污染也對沿海地區造成了污染和退化。

因此，對於當前沿海環境的狀態以及從這些人為影響中學到的教訓有良好的理解，對於恢復和保護這些棲息地和生態系統免受進一步的環境退化甚至災難是極其重要的。在本書中，案例研究用來講述這些環境如何對嚴重的人為擾動作出反應，以及從環境和資源管理的角度來看，哪些做法是成功的，哪些是失敗的。本書的讀者包括高年級本科海洋學學生以及來自沿海工程和管理領域的工作者。

Professor Xiao Hua Wang graduated from Ocean University of China, and holds a PhD in Physical Oceanography from James Cook University in Australia. He is the Co-leader of the Sino-Australian Research Consortium for Coastal Management (SARCCM), University of New South Wales (UNSW), Australia, and an associate editor for Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science (IF= 3.229Q1) and Limnology and Oceanography: Methods (2.634 Q1), respectively. He was the Director of International Student Recruitment and Exchange (2018-2020), UNSW Canberra, and the Founding Director of the Sino-Australian Research Centre for Coastal Management (SARCCM, 2010-2020), UNSW. He has over 30 years experience in both undergraduate teaching and postgraduate supervision. His research concerns observing (including satellite remote sensing) and modelling of coastal oceans, sediment transport dynamics, and understanding of coastal management issues impacted by anthropogenic drivers and climate change. He has over 160 publications including eminent international peer-reviewed journal papers, book chapters and one book. His publication rate is 14.6 journal papers per year over the last five years (2017-2021), 90% of which belong to 1st quartile SJR Journals. His SciVal indexed research outputs in this period are ranked the highest among top international peers in the field. Google Scholar consistently ranks him in top 15 researchers in 'coastal oceanography', 'sediment dynamics' and 'coastal management'. His work has been funded by a variety sources including the Australia Research Council and the EU Framework. He has been awarded a total of 11 competitive grants in the last five years (2017-2021) with a total cash income of $1.82M (including co-lead CI for an industry grant of $1.25M). In 2010, he initiated and established the Sino-Australian Research Centre for Coastal Management, a UNSW-led Research Centre with multidisciplinary and multi-faculty reach. he directed the Centre until 2020. In 2020, SARCCM evolved to become the Sino-Australian Research Consortium for Coastal Management. It works closely with the Ocean University of China in collaborative research on oceanography and coastal management, with a particular foci on research and research training in observing and modelling hydrodynamics, sediment transport and biochemical processes in coastal environments (bays, harbours, estuaries and their adjacent shelf waters). An emerging capability is in research higher degree training in environmental management that combines human and biophysical research insights into actionable knowledge. He currently co-leads the Consortium, which comprises a strong team of 18 researchers from UNSW (including 4 Professors and 4 Associate Professors), its collaborating organizations (including USYD, USQ, UoW and the Ocean University of China - OUC) and industry partners (including the Bureau of Metrology and Marina Industry Association), as well as 2 externally funded postdoctoral fellows and 13 HDR students. This has enabled a wide range of excellent fundamental and applied research, including multidisciplinary projects on coastal science and management involving several fields. Research outcomes advanced by the Consortium span environments including Sydney and Gold Coast beaches, Shoalwater Bay, Jervis Bay, Batemans Bay and Darwin Harbour (Australia), the Po River and Adriatic Sea (Italy), Yellow and East China Seas (China), Yellow River and the Yangtze River estuaries, Jiaozhou Bay (China), Youngsan River estuary and the Mokpo Coastal Zone (South Korea); alongside legal frameworks of environmental protection in Australia and China. Prof Wang has well-developed national and international networks, including longstanding collaborations with Professors George Mellor (Princeton University), Eric Wolanski (JCU) and Peter Steinberg (SIMS/UNSW), who have also been outstanding research and strategic mentors. He has been involved in several international collaborative projects with both European and US scientists. He was a Visiting Scientist at Princeton University USA in 1995; a Visiting Scientist at the Institute of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences-CNR, Italy in 1999; a Visiting Professor at the University of Bologna Italy in 2001; and a guest investigator at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution in 2005. From 1999-2004, He spent approximately one month per year in Bolonga, Italy to conduct studies on the Adriatic Sea. Since 2005, he has spent one month per year in China as part of advanced investigations of sediment dynamics in the Yellow and East China Seas.

Prof Wang is the Coordinator for China Scholarship Council (CSC) Scholarship program at UNSW. He initiated and subsequently managed an MOU for academic exchange and research collaboration between UNSW and Ocean University of China (OUC) since 2008. This agreement has resulted in a total of 50 CSC sponsored OUC PhDs enrolled at UNSW and numerous academics visits (including short to long term visiting fellows) between two institutions. Subsequently, the UNSW and OUC signed the Agreement for a Joint PhD Program in November 2020. Prof Wang has again played a major role in brokering this major collaborative initiative. The UNSW-OUC Joint PhD Program allows candidates to undertake a PhD jointly provided by the two institutions. In January 2022, the CSC approved UNSW-OUC International Training Program for Innovative Talents, which provides up to 10 HDR scholarships per year for 3 years from OUC to UNSW.

王小華教授畢業於中國海洋大學，並在澳大利亞詹姆斯庫克大學獲得物理海洋學博士學位。他是澳大利亞新南威爾士大學（UNSW）中澳沿海管理研究聯盟（SARCCM）的共同負責人，並擔任河口、沿海與大陸架科學（IF= 3.229 Q1）和湖泊學與海洋學：方法（2.634 Q1）的副編輯。他曾擔任UNSW堪培拉國際學生招募與交流主任（2018-2020），以及中澳沿海管理研究中心（SARCCM，2010-2020）的創始主任。他在本科教學和研究生指導方面擁有超過30年的經驗。他的研究涉及沿海海洋的觀測（包括衛星遙感）和建模、沉積物運輸動力學，以及理解受人為驅動因素和氣候變化影響的沿海管理問題。他擁有超過160篇出版物，包括著名的國際同行評審期刊論文、書籍章節和一本書。在過去五年（2017-2021）中，他的出版率為每年14.6篇期刊論文，其中90%屬於第一四分位數的SJR期刊。在此期間，他的SciVal索引研究成果在該領域的國際同行中排名最高。Google Scholar持續將他列為「沿海海洋學」、「沉積動力學」和「沿海管理」領域的前15名研究者。他的工作得到了包括澳大利亞研究委員會和歐盟框架在內的多種資助來源的支持。在過去五年（2017-2021）中，他共獲得11項競爭性資助，總現金收入達182萬美元（包括1.25百萬美元的行業資助的共同首席研究員）。在2010年，他發起並建立了中澳沿海管理研究中心，這是一個由UNSW主導的研究中心，涵蓋多學科和多院系的範疇。他一直擔任該中心的主任，直到2020年。在2020年，SARCCM演變為中澳沿海管理研究聯盟。該聯盟與中國海洋大學密切合作，進行海洋學和沿海管理的合作研究，特別專注於觀測和建模沿海環境（如海灣、港口、河口及其相鄰的陸架水域）中的水動力學、沉積物運輸和生化過程的研究及研究培訓。一個新興的能力是在環境管理方面的研究生學位培訓，將人類和生物物理研究的見解結合為可行的知識。他目前共同領導該聯盟，該聯盟由來自UNSW的18名研究人員組成（包括4名教授和4名副教授），以及其合作機構（包括悉尼大學、昆士蘭大學、西悉尼大學和中國海洋大學）和行業夥伴（包括氣象局和海洋產業協會），還有2名外部資助的博士後研究員和13名HDR學生。這使得該聯盟能夠進行廣泛的優秀基礎和應用研究，包括涉及多個領域的沿海科學和管理的多學科項目。該聯盟推進的研究成果涵蓋了包括悉尼和黃金海岸海灘、Shoalwater Bay、Jervis Bay、Batemans Bay和達爾文港（澳大利亞）、波河和亞得里亞海（意大利）、黃海和東海（中國）、黃河和長江河口、膠州灣（中國）、龍山河河口和木浦沿海區（南韓）；以及澳大利亞和中國的環境保護法律框架。王教授擁有良好的國內外網絡，包括與喬治·梅洛教授（普林斯頓大學）、埃里克·沃蘭斯基教授（詹姆斯庫克大學）和彼得·斯坦伯格教授（SIMS/UNSW）等的長期合作，他們也是傑出的研究和戰略導師。他參與了多個與歐洲和美國科學家的國際合作項目。他於1995年在美國普林斯頓大學擔任訪問科學家；1999年在意大利國家大氣與海洋科學研究所擔任訪問科學家；2001年在意大利博洛尼亞大學擔任訪問教授；2005年在伍茲霍爾海洋研究所擔任客座研究員。從1999年至2004年，他每年在意大利博洛尼亞待約一個月，進行亞得里亞海的研究。自2005年以來，他每年在中國待一個月，進行黃海和東海沉積動力學的深入研究。

王教授是UNSW中國獎學金委員會（CSC）獎學金計劃的協調員。自2008年以來，他發起並隨後管理了UNSW與中國海洋大學（OUC）之間的學術交流和研究合作的備忘錄。這項協議已經促成了50名CSC資助的OUC博士生在UNSW入學，以及兩個機構之間的多次學術訪問（包括短期和長期的訪問學者）。隨後，UNSW和OUC於2020年11月簽署了聯合博士學位計劃的協議。王教授再次在促成這一重大合作倡議中發揮了重要作用。UNSW-OUC聯合博士學位計劃允許候選人共同在兩個機構進行博士學位研究。2022年1月，CSC批准了UNSW-OUC創新人才國際培訓計劃，該計劃每年提供最多10個HDR獎學金，為期3年，從OUC到UNSW。