Reengineering Clinical Workflow in the Digital and AI Era: Toward Safer and More Efficient Care
暫譯: 數位與 AI 時代的臨床工作流程再造：邁向更安全、更高效的照護

Kai Zheng, PhD, FACMI is Professor of Informatics and Emergency Medicine at the University of California, Irvine (UCI). He also serves as Director of UCI's Center for Biomedical Informatics and the Public Health Informatics & Technology Workforce Development Program. Zheng's research draws upon techniques from the fields of information systems and human-computer interaction to study the use of information, communication, and decision technologies in patient care delivery and management. His recent work has focused on topics such as interaction design, workflow and sociotechnical integration, diffusion and evaluation of health IT, and use of computational methods to augment the value of unstructured free-text health data. Zheng received his PhD degree in Information Systems from Carnegie Mellon University. He was the recipient of the 2011 American Medical Informatics Association (AMIA) New Investigator Award that recognizes early informatics contributions and significant scholarly achievements. He was elected Fellow of the American College of Medical Informatics (FACMI) in 2018. From 2019 to 2021, he served as Chair of AMIA's Clinical Information Systems Working Group.

Johanna Westbrook, PhD, FACMI is Professor of Health Informatics and Patient Safety and Director of the Centre for Health Systems and Safety Research, Australian Institute of Health Innovation, Macquarie University, Australia; and a Co-director of the Safety, Quality, Informatics and Leadership Program at Harvard University, USA. She is internationally recognized for her research evaluating the effects of information and communication technology (ICT) in health care. This work has led to significant advances in our understanding of how clinical information systems deliver (or fail to deliver) expected benefits. She has published over 600 papers, been awarded > $80M in research grants and is regularly asked to present at international events. Her highly applied research has supported translation of research evidence into policy, practice, and IT system design changes, particularly in areas of medication technology safety and effectiveness. Johanna has led important research in the development and application of approaches to evaluate ICT, including new tools and methods which have been adopted internationally. This work has included the development of the Work Observation Method by Activity Timing (WOMBAT) technique and software (available in the Apple Store) to support the conduct of observational workflow studies now used in over 18 countries.

Vimla L. Patel, PhD, DSc, FACMI is a Senior Research Scientist at the Cognitive Studies in Medicine and Public Health at the New York Academy of Medicine. She has adjunct professorial appointments at Columbia University and Weill Cornell Medical College in New York. Trained as a cognitive and educational psychologist at McGill University, Dr. Patel served as a Professor of Medicine and Psychology. She has expertise in using cognitive methods to capture and analyze data to model clinical decision-making and explore ways to augment human intelligence. Her recent research addresses the nature of complexity in the healthcare environment and the use of appropriate methods of investigation for health information technology intervention and patient safety. She is an elected fellow of the Royal Society of Canada (Academy of Social Sciences), the American College of Medical Informatics, and the New York Academy of Medicine. An elected founding member of the International Academy of Health Sciences Informatics, she is the past Associate Editor of the Journal of Biomedical Informatics and Assistant Editor of AI in Medicine. She is on the editorial board of the Journal of Intelligence-based Medicine and Healthcare. She is an editor or co-editor of eight books and the series editor of the Springer book series in Cognitive Informatics in Biomedicine and Healthcare.

Kai Zheng，PhD、FACMI，是 University of California, Irvine（UCI）的資訊學與急診醫學教授。他同時擔任 UCI Center for Biomedical Informatics 主任，以及 Public Health Informatics & Technology Workforce Development Program 主任。Zheng 的研究運用資訊系統與人機互動領域的技術，探討資訊、通訊與決策技術在病人照護提供與管理中的應用。他近期的研究聚焦於互動設計、工作流程與社會技術整合、健康 IT 的擴散與評估，以及運用計算方法提升非結構化自由文字健康資料的價值。Zheng 取得 Carnegie Mellon University 的資訊系統博士學位。他曾獲頒 2011 American Medical Informatics Association（AMIA）New Investigator Award，以表彰其早期在資訊學領域的貢獻與卓越學術成就。2018 年，他獲選為 American College of Medical Informatics（FACMI）院士。2019 至 2021 年間，他擔任 AMIA Clinical Information Systems Working Group 主席。

Johanna Westbrook，PhD、FACMI，是 Macquarie University（澳洲）Australian Institute of Health Innovation 旗下 Centre for Health Systems and Safety Research 的健康資訊學與病人安全教授兼主任；同時也是 Harvard University（美國）Safety, Quality, Informatics and Leadership Program 的共同主任。她在評估資訊與通訊科技（ICT）對醫療照護影響的研究方面享有國際聲譽。這項研究大幅增進了我們對臨床資訊系統如何實現（或未能實現）預期效益的理解。她已發表超過 600 篇論文，獲得超過 8,000 萬美元的研究經費，並經常受邀在國際活動中發表演講。她高度應用導向的研究，促成研究證據轉化為政策、實務及 IT 系統設計的改變，尤其是在用藥科技的安全性與效能方面。Johanna 曾領導 ICT 評估方法的發展與應用相關重要研究，其中包括已獲國際採用的新工具與方法。這項工作包括開發 Work Observation Method by Activity Timing（WOMBAT）技術與軟體（可於 Apple Store 取得），以支援觀察性工作流程研究；目前已有超過 18 個國家使用該技術與軟體。

Vimla L. Patel，PhD、DSc、FACMI，是 New York Academy of Medicine Cognitive Studies in Medicine and Public Health 的資深研究科學家。她也在 New York 的 Columbia University 與 Weill Cornell Medical College 擔任兼任教授。Patel 博士於 McGill University 接受認知與教育心理學訓練，並曾任醫學與心理學教授。她專長於運用認知方法擷取與分析資料，以建立臨床決策模型，並探索增強人類智慧的方法。她近期的研究探討醫療照護環境的複雜性本質，以及針對健康資訊科技介入與病人安全，採用適切研究方法的重要性。她獲選為 Royal Society of Canada（Academy of Social Sciences）、American College of Medical Informatics，以及 New York Academy of Medicine 的院士。她是 International Academy of Health Sciences Informatics 的創始成員之一，並曾任 Journal of Biomedical Informatics 副編輯，以及 AI in Medicine 助理編輯。她目前擔任 Journal of Intelligence-based Medicine and Healthcare 編輯委員。她曾擔任或共同擔任八本書的編輯，並擔任 Springer 書系 Cognitive Informatics in Biomedicine and Healthcare 的系列主編。