Going to War with the Other: A Study of U.S. Foreign Policies of Violence
暫譯: 與他者開戰：美國暴力外交政策研究

O. Renfro, Evan

Going to War with the Other: A Study of U.S. Foreign Policies of Violence
  • 出版商: Palgrave MacMillan
  • 出版日期: 2025-06-12
  • 售價: $5,290
  • 貴賓價: 9.5 折 $5,026
  • 語言: 英文
  • 頁數: 10
  • 裝訂: Hardcover - also called cloth, retail trade, or trade
  • ISBN: 3031900677
  • ISBN-13: 9783031900679
  • 相關分類: 其他

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商品描述

The objective of this book was to use Edward Said's theory Orientalism in order to increase our understanding of such how and why the United States goes to war in the manner in which it has and does. I examined all cases of United States foreign policies of overt violence, bounded by and including, Vietnam (1964-1969) and Iraq (2003-2007). What this research showed was quite contrary to Orientalism's expectations (as well as my own). Analyzing the discursive record for the "trigger words" that should be present if Orientalist frames were used in the making/applying of US foreign policy resulted in conclusions that are not only largely unsupportive, but in some cases detrimental to the theory. While I cannot categorically deny the existence of any supportive evidence for Orientalism, there is clearly no extant pattern of such ideological discourse in any examined cases. The only exception to this is germane to the last case study, Afghanistan (2001-2003). In this case, I argued that what we are seeing is an outlier, created by a sui generis action, viz., a traumatizing terrorist attack on US soil. Instead of Orientalism, what the record shows are examples of what I've termed "neutral-Orientalism" and "anti-Orientalism." The former are cases where Orientalist trigger words are present in the discourse, but they do only prosaic duty. Such lexical choices are a-ideological, often providing definitional work in the contexts considered. "Anti-Orientalism," which is actually more common than Orientalism, is when the trigger words work in precisely the opposite way from which the theory would suggest. The evidence uncovered in this book suggests a renewed caution when dealing with questions of Orientalism, and a more robust consideration of the empirical record.

商品描述(中文翻譯)

本書的目的是利用愛德華·薩伊德（Edward Said）的東方主義（Orientalism）理論，以增進我們對美國如何以及為何以其方式發動戰爭的理解。我檢視了所有美國外交政策中明顯的暴力案例，範圍包括越南（1964-1969）和伊拉克（2003-2007）。這項研究顯示的結果與東方主義的預期（以及我自己的預期）相當相反。分析語篇記錄中應該出現的「觸發詞」（trigger words），如果使用了東方主義框架來制定/應用美國外交政策，結果得出的結論不僅在很大程度上不支持該理論，甚至在某些情況下對該理論是有害的。雖然我不能絕對否認任何支持東方主義的證據的存在，但在所有檢視的案例中，顯然沒有任何這種意識形態話語的現存模式。唯一的例外與最後一個案例研究有關，即阿富汗（2001-2003）。在這個案例中，我主張我們所看到的是一個異常情況，由一個獨特的行動所造成，即對美國本土的創傷性恐怖攻擊。記錄顯示的不是東方主義，而是我所稱的「中立東方主義」（neutral-Orientalism）和「反東方主義」（anti-Orientalism）的例子。前者是指在話語中出現東方主義的觸發詞，但它們僅僅是平常的功能。這種詞彙選擇是非意識形態的，通常在所考慮的背景中提供定義性工作。「反東方主義」實際上比東方主義更為常見，當觸發詞的作用恰恰與該理論所建議的相反時，即為反東方主義。本書中揭示的證據表明，在處理東方主義問題時應更加謹慎，並對實證記錄進行更為深入的考量。

作者簡介

Evan Renfro is Associate Professor of Political Science at the University of Northern Iowa. A former U.S. Air Force intelligence analyst, and now a Disabled Veteran, Dr. Renfro received his B.A. and M.A. from the University of Texas at Austin, and Ph.D. from the University of Nebraska, Lincoln. Before coming to Northern Iowa, Dr. Renfro was a Fleet Professor at the United States Naval War College in Pearl Harbor, HI, where he taught the seminar on Strategy and War. With a research agenda focused on the nexus of International security and culture, Dr. Renfro has published in such outlets as the International Journal of Cultural Studies; Marine Corps Gazette; Joint Force Quarterly; Cultural Studies; and Theory & Event. His recently published book is "Political Graffiti and Global Human Rights" (2023, Lexington). Evan also loves teaching and was awarded the University of Northern Iowa Outstanding Teaching Award.

作者簡介(中文翻譯)

Evan Renfro 是北愛荷華大學的政治學副教授。他曾是美國空軍的情報分析師，現在是一名殘障退伍軍人。Renfro 博士在德克薩斯州奧斯汀大學獲得學士和碩士學位，並在內布拉斯加州林肯大學獲得博士學位。在來到北愛荷華之前，Renfro 博士曾擔任美國海軍戰爭學院的艦隊教授，教授戰略與戰爭研討會。Renfro 博士的研究重點是國際安全與文化的交集，他在《國際文化研究期刊》、《海軍陸戰隊公報》、《聯合部隊季刊》、《文化研究》和《理論與事件》等期刊上發表過文章。他最近出版的書籍是《政治塗鴉與全球人權》（2023年，Lexington）。Evan 也熱愛教學，並獲得了北愛荷華大學的傑出教學獎。

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