商品描述
The term Artificial Intelligence (AI) was first coined in 1956 by John McCarthy who is considered to be the father of AI. He defined AI as "the science and engineering of making intelligent machines". Since then, AI has metamorphosed into computing systems characterized by "human-like processes such as learning, adapting, synthesizing, self-correction and the use of data for complex processing tasks". Within the higher education landscape, AI is emerging as a powerful change agent often referred to as AI in Education (AIEd). Grasping the essence of AIEd within the higher education milieu is imperative. Commonly described as the advent of the 'Smart University', AIEd represents a paradigm shift in the operational ethos of Universities and Colleges. Smart Universities in the context of AIEd are marked by several key characteristics. With regards to admissions and enrollment, AIEd tools can harness data on a plethora of metrics including recruitment, retention and graduation outcomes. Teaching and learning are now entering an era of personalization and adaptability, thanks to the facilitative role of AIEd instruments. These digital tools are instrumental in pin-pointing at-risk scholars, projecting academic trajectories, ensuring originality via plagiarism checks and guiding course selection. Researchers are also benefiting from AIEd tools to sift through large data banks and analyze and identify patterns and insights that can inform their practice. Administrative spheres similarly reap the benefits of AIED's prowess, yielding heightened efficiency in operations, financial stewardship and resource management--an endeavor that alleviates administrative load and, consequently, relocates fiscal resources towards educational and research priorities. AIEd is also designed to optimize human resource processes from recruitment and onboarding to performance evaluation and career development. These systems use AI and digital tools to make human resource functions more efficient, data driven and employee focused.
商品描述(中文翻譯)
人工智慧（Artificial Intelligence, AI）這個術語最早是由約翰·麥卡錫（John McCarthy）於1956年提出的，他被認為是AI的奠基人。他將AI定義為「製造智能機器的科學與工程」。自那時以來，AI已經演變成為計算系統，其特徵是「類似人類的過程，例如學習、適應、綜合、自我修正以及利用數據進行複雜處理任務」。
在高等教育的環境中，AI正逐漸成為一個強大的變革推動者，通常被稱為教育中的AI（AI in Education, AIEd）。理解AIEd在高等教育環境中的本質是至關重要的。AIEd通常被描述為「智慧大學」的出現，代表著大學和學院運營理念的範式轉變。
在AIEd的背景下，智慧大學具有幾個關鍵特徵。關於招生和入學，AIEd工具可以利用大量指標數據，包括招募、留存和畢業結果。得益於AIEd工具的促進作用，教學和學習現在進入了個性化和適應性的時代。這些數位工具在識別高風險學者、預測學術軌跡、通過抄襲檢查確保原創性以及指導課程選擇方面發揮了重要作用。
研究人員也從AIEd工具中受益，能夠篩選大量數據庫，分析和識別可以指導其實踐的模式和見解。行政領域同樣受益於AIEd的強大功能，提高了運營效率、財務管理和資源管理，這一努力減輕了行政負擔，並因此將財政資源重新配置到教育和研究的優先事項上。
AIEd還旨在優化人力資源流程，從招聘和入職到績效評估和職業發展。這些系統利用AI和數位工具，使人力資源功能更加高效、數據驅動且以員工為中心。
作者簡介
Dr. Adnan Badran is the Chancellor of the University of Petra and the Chairman of the Board of Trustees of the University of Jordan. He is a biologist with over 120 publications, including 22 books and 4 patents. He was awarded an Honorary Doctorate from Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul (1981); an Honorary Doctorate in Science from Michigan State University, (2007); an Honorary Doctorate in Business from Yarmouk University, Jordan (2014); the West Watkins distinguished Lectureship Award (2009) USA; the Hall of Fame Alumni Award from Oklahoma State University, USA; and the Honorary Professorship from L.N. Gumilev Eurasian National University Kazakhstan (2012). Also, he was awarded the Arab Thought Foundation for best Arab scientist in higher education research (2005); the TWAS Regional Prize for "Building Scientific Institutions" (2009); the World Education Asia award for Outstanding Contribution to Education (2011) and the Shoman award for Peer review of young Arab scientists. Badran was Prime Minister (2005), Minister of Agriculture (1989) and Minister of Education (1989) in Jordan. He was Senator and Chair of the Senate Committee on Science, Education and Culture (2006-2010). He also served as Deputy Director-General of UNESCO (1994-1998) and Assistant Director General, Paris (1990-1994). Founding President of Yarmouk University and Jordan University of Science and Technology (1976-1986), President of Philadelphia University (1998-2005) and President of University of Petra (2007-2014), and Dean of the Faculty of Sciences at the University of Jordan (1971-1976). Secretary General (1986-1987) and Vice-president (2014- ) of the Higher Council for Science and Technology, Jordan. President of the National Centre of Human Rights, Jordan (2008-2011) and President of the Asia-Pacific Forum on Human Rights, Sidney (2009-2011). Member of the Board of Trustees of the Arab Thought Forum (2012- ). He is a Fellow and former Vice-president of the Academy of Sciences for the Developing World (TWAS), Fellow of the Islamic World Academy of Sciences (IAS) and President of the Arab Academy of Sciences. Chairman of the Board of the Arab Forum for Environment and Development in Beirut (2008- ). President of the Higher Council of the National Centre for Curriculum development (2017-2019) and Chairman of Shoman Trust Fund for Research (2019- ). Badran received his B.Sc from Oklahoma State University (1959), and Master then PhD from Michigan State University (1963), USA. Dr. Elias Baydoun was educated at the University of Jordan, Amman (BS 1971), the American University of Beirut (AUB; MS 1977), and the University of Cambridge where he obtained his MPhil in 1978 and PhD in 1980. He is currently Professor of Biology at AUB, Secretary General of the Arab Academy of Sciences, Honorary Professor at the University of Jordan, and Adjunct Professor at the University of Petra in Jordan. His previous positions included: Chairman of Biology (1978-93) and Associate Professor at AUB; Associate Professor, Assistant to the President (1983-86), Director of Planning and Development (1985-1986), and Director of Human Resources (1985-1986) at Yarmouk University, Jordan. His awards include: Federation of Arab Scientific Research Councils Award, Abdul Hamid Shoman Prize for Young Arab Scientists for Biology, AUB Research Award in Natural Sciences (twice), Distinguished Scholar Award of the Arab Fund for Economic and Social Development, Developing World Study Award of the Royal Society UK and TWAS-ARO Regional Prize for Public Understanding and Popularization of Science. He is Fellow of several learned societies including the Institute of Biology, London, TWAS, Islamic World Academy of Sciences and the Arab Academy of Sciences. He organized and chaired 29 international conferences on topics related to the development of the Arab Middle East Region. His research interests include membrane and carbohydrate biology, biotransformation, nanotechnology, and medicinal plants. Professor Baydoun supervised and served on the committees of 72 PhD and MS students. He has published over 130 articles in international refereed journals, 21 book chapters, and over 120 abstracts and papers in the proceedings of international conferences. He is the author of 7 biology textbooks for secondary schools and community colleges. He is the first inventor of a patent on treatment of protozoal diseases (US Patent 9,173,888). He translated the book "Edwards NA, Hassall KA. Biochemistry and Physiology of the Cell. McGraw Hill" into Arabic and was the General Coordinator of the four volumes of the Arabic Encyclopedia on Knowledge for Sustainable Development published by UNESCO. He is the editor of 10 books published by Springer Nature; one entitled "Water, Energy and Food Sustainability in the Middle East - The Sustainability Triangle" and 9 on Higher Education in the Arab World. He is a member of the Editorial Board of Scientific Reports, a journal from Nature Publishing Group and other journals. He served as consultant for several local, regional, and international organizations including UNESCO and UNEP. Dr. Sandra Hillman was educated at the University of Wales, Aberystwyth where she obtained a BSc in Botany (1965) and a PhD in Plant Physiology and Chemistry (1968). She worked part time as a Demonstrator at the Department of Environmental Studies, University of Nottingham, England (1968-1971) and at the Department of Biology at the University of Glasgow, Scotland (1971-1985). For several years, she was an Examiner for the Oxford Examination Board for 'A' Level Biology (1975-1986). In the period 1978-1980, she had a part-time post-graduate research position at the University of Glasgow working on gravitropism in plant roots (3 publications). From 1980, until retirement in 2005, she worked as editorial assistant for the Springer-Verlag plant science journal 'Planta', and as a freelance editor. Dr. Joelle Mesmar is a Research Associate at the American University of Beirut, Lebanon, working on the investigation of the role of plant extracts in the treatment of cancer using tissue culture techniques and nanotechnology. Previously, Joelle worked at the Office of the First Lady in Syria and was responsible in overseeing and facilitating the affairs of the Board of Trustees of the Syria Trust for Development by providing advice on governance principles and practices and supporting the work of the Board Committees as required in areas related to strategic planning. She graduated from the American University of Beirut, Lebanon with a degree in Biology (BS 2004) and obtained her PhD in plant biochemistry and molecular biology from the University of Glasgow, UK in 2009.
作者簡介(中文翻譯)
阿德南·巴德蘭博士是佩特拉大學的校長及約旦大學董事會主席。他是一位生物學家，擁有超過120篇出版物，包括22本書和4項專利。他獲得了首爾成均館大學的榮譽博士學位（1981年）；密西根州立大學的科學榮譽博士學位（2007年）；約旦雅爾穆克大學的商業榮譽博士學位（2014年）；美國西沃特金斯傑出講座獎（2009年）；美國奧克拉荷馬州立大學的名人堂校友獎；以及哈薩克斯坦L.N.古米列夫歐亞國立大學的榮譽教授（2012年）。此外，他還獲得了阿拉伯思想基金會頒發的最佳阿拉伯高等教育研究科學家獎（2005年）；TWAS區域獎「建立科學機構」（2009年）；世界教育亞洲獎以表彰對教育的傑出貢獻（2011年）以及Shoman獎以表彰對年輕阿拉伯科學家的同行評審。巴德蘭曾擔任約旦首相（2005年）、農業部長（1989年）和教育部長（1989年）。他曾擔任參議員及參議院科學、教育和文化委員會主席（2006-2010年）。他還曾擔任聯合國教科文組織副總幹事（1994-1998年）及助理總幹事，巴黎（1990-1994年）。他是雅爾穆克大學和約旦科學與技術大學的創校校長（1976-1986年）、費城大學校長（1998-2005年）及佩特拉大學校長（2007-2014年），並曾擔任約旦大學科學院院長（1971-1976年）。他是約旦科學與技術高級委員會的秘書長（1986-1987年）及副主席（2014年至今）。他是約旦國家人權中心的主席（2008-2011年）及亞太人權論壇的主席，悉尼（2009-2011年）。他是阿拉伯思想論壇的董事會成員（2012年至今）。他是發展中國家科學院（TWAS）的院士及前副主席，伊斯蘭世界科學院的院士及阿拉伯科學院的主席。巴德蘭是貝魯特阿拉伯環境與發展論壇的董事會主席（2008年至今）。他是國家課程發展中心的主席（2017-2019年）及Shoman研究信託基金的主席（2019年至今）。巴德蘭於奧克拉荷馬州立大學獲得學士學位（1959年），並於密西根州立大學獲得碩士及博士學位（1963年），美國。
伊利亞斯·貝杜恩博士在約旦大學（安曼）接受教育（學士學位1971年）、美國貝魯特大學（AUB；碩士學位1977年）及劍橋大學，於1978年獲得MPhil，1980年獲得博士學位。他目前是美國貝魯特大學的生物學教授、阿拉伯科學院的秘書長、約旦大學的榮譽教授及約旦佩特拉大學的兼任教授。他的前職位包括：美國貝魯特大學生物學系主任（1978-1993年）及副教授；約旦雅爾穆克大學副教授、校長助理（1983-1986年）、規劃與發展主任（1985-1986年）及人力資源主任（1985-1986年）。他的獎項包括：阿拉伯科學研究委員會聯合會獎、阿卜杜勒·哈米德·肖曼獎（生物學）及美國貝魯特大學自然科學研究獎（兩次）、阿拉伯經濟與社會發展基金的傑出學者獎、英國皇家學會的發展中國家研究獎及TWAS-ARO區域獎以表彰科學的公共理解與普及。他是多個學術社團的院士，包括倫敦生物學學會、TWAS、伊斯蘭世界科學院及阿拉伯科學院。他組織並主持了29場與阿拉伯中東地區發展相關的國際會議。他的研究興趣包括膜與碳水化合物生物學、生物轉化、納米技術及藥用植物。貝杜恩教授指導並參與了72名博士及碩士生的委員會。他在國際同行評審期刊上發表了超過130篇文章、21章書籍章節及超過120篇國際會議的摘要和論文。他是7本中學及社區大學生物學教科書的作者。他是有關原生動物疾病治療的專利（美國專利9,173,888）的首位發明人。他將《Edwards NA, Hassall KA. Biochemistry and Physiology of the Cell. McGraw Hill》一書翻譯成阿拉伯語，並擔任聯合國教科文組織出版的四卷本阿拉伯可持續發展知識百科全書的總協調人。他是由Springer Nature出版的10本書的編輯，其中一本名為《中東的水、能源與食物可持續性 - 可持續性三角形》，其餘9本則關於阿拉伯世界的高等教育。他是《Scientific Reports》編輯委員會的成員，該期刊由Nature Publishing Group出版，並參與其他期刊的編輯工作。他曾擔任多個地方、區域及國際組織的顧問，包括聯合國教科文組織及聯合國環境規劃署。
桑德拉·希爾曼博士在威爾士阿伯里斯特威斯大學接受教育，獲得植物學學士學位（1965年）及植物生理學與化學博士學位（1968年）。她曾在英國諾丁漢大學環境研究系擔任兼職示範員（1968-1971年）及在蘇格蘭格拉斯哥大學生物學系工作（1971-1985年）。幾年來，她擔任牛津考試委員會的「A」級生物學考官（1975-1986年）。在1978年至1980年期間，她在格拉斯哥大學擔任兼職研究生研究職位，研究植物根部的重力向性（發表3篇文章）。自1980年起，直到2005年退休，她擔任Springer-Verlag植物科學期刊《Planta》的編輯助理，並作為自由編輯工作。
喬艾爾·梅斯馬博士是黎巴嫩美國大學的研究助理，專注於利用組織培養技術和納米技術研究植物提取物在癌症治療中的作用。之前，喬艾爾曾在敘利亞第一夫人辦公室工作，負責監督和促進敘利亞發展信託基金董事會的事務，提供有關治理原則和實踐的建議，並支持董事會委員會在戰略規劃相關領域的工作。她於2004年在黎巴嫩美國大學獲得生物學學位（學士學位），並於2009年在英國格拉斯哥大學獲得植物生物化學和分子生物學博士學位。
