Dengue Virus Evolution: From Emergence to a Global Health Crisis: Insights Into Genomics, Ecology and Epidemiology
暫譯: 登革熱病毒演化：從出現到全球健康危機：基因組學、生態學與流行病學的洞察

Dr. Claudia Nunes Duarte dos Santos currently works as a senior researcher at the Carlos Chagas Institute in Brazil, and serves as the coordinator of the Molecular Virology Laboratory (ViroMol-FIOCRUZ/PR). Her main lines of investigation are focused on interactions between flavivirus/alphavirus/robovirus and host cells, aimed at elucidating diverse aspects of viral morphogenesis and pathogenesis. She also coordinates the Emerging Viruses Reference Laboratory (LRV-FIOCRUZ/PR), designated by the Ministry of Health as responsible for diagnosis and characterization of emerging viruses of interest in human, animal and vector samples. These laboratories are also involved in reagent research and development, e.g., recombinant antigens and monoclonal antibodies, and diagnostic platforms for the identification of novel viruses. ViroMol also investigates the activity of viral proteins, and uses reverse genetics to study viral morphogenesis and develop vaccine platforms. Another research interest is the identification/repurposing of new/existing drugs and molecules to inhibit emerging viral infections.

Dr. Marta Giovanetti's research focuses on gene flow in pathogen populations using a One Health approach that integrates human, animal, and environmental health. By combining phylogenetics, phylogeography, and ecological data, she studies arboviral outbreaks in Latin America. She develops tools to integrate viral genetic data with clinical, demographic, and environmental information to inform public health policies. After completing her PhD in RNA virus molecular evolution at the University of Rome Tor Vergata, she conducted fieldwork in Sierra Leone during the Ebola outbreak, emphasizing zoonotic transmission and environmental factors. At FIOCRUZ, she focused on arthropod-borne virus evolution, and she is now a Visiting Researcher there and an Associate Professor at Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma. Her work integrates One Health principles in genomic surveillance of emerging viral pathogens, collaborating with PAHO/WHO to understand drivers of disease spread, including climate change and land use. Leveraging nanopore sequencing, her team has generated over 100,000 viral genomes across Latin America. As part of CLIMADE, they develop tools and interventions to address climate-amplified diseases. Her research combines real-time genome sequencing with large-scale data analysis to study viral origins and transmission dynamics, addressing global public health challenges.

克勞迪亞·努內斯·杜阿爾特·多斯·聖托斯博士目前在巴西的卡洛斯·查加斯研究所擔任高級研究員，並擔任分子病毒學實驗室（ViroMol-FIOCRUZ/PR）的協調員。她的主要研究方向集中在黃病毒/阿爾法病毒/羅病毒與宿主細胞之間的相互作用，旨在闡明病毒形態生成和致病性多樣性的各個方面。她還協調新興病毒參考實驗室（LRV-FIOCRUZ/PR），該實驗室由衛生部指定負責人類、動物和媒介樣本中新興病毒的診斷和特徵分析。這些實驗室還參與試劑的研究和開發，例如重組抗原和單克隆抗體，以及用於識別新型病毒的診斷平台。ViroMol還研究病毒蛋白的活性，並利用反向基因學研究病毒形態生成及開發疫苗平台。另一個研究興趣是識別/重新利用新/現有藥物和分子以抑制新興病毒感染。

馬爾塔·喬瓦內蒂博士的研究專注於使用一種整合人類、動物和環境健康的「一體健康」（One Health）方法來研究病原體群體中的基因流動。通過結合系統發生學、系統地理學和生態數據，她研究拉丁美洲的蚊媒病毒疫情。她開發工具以整合病毒基因數據與臨床、人口和環境信息，以指導公共衛生政策。在羅馬托爾維爾大學完成RNA病毒分子進化的博士學位後，她在埃博拉疫情期間在塞拉利昂進行了實地工作，強調了人畜共通傳播和環境因素。在FIOCRUZ，她專注於節肢動物傳播病毒的進化，現在是那裡的訪問研究員，並擔任羅馬生物醫學校園大學的副教授。她的工作將一體健康原則整合到新興病毒病原體的基因組監測中，與美洲國家衛生組織/世界衛生組織合作，以了解疾病擴散的驅動因素，包括氣候變化和土地使用。利用納米孔測序，她的團隊在拉丁美洲生成了超過100,000個病毒基因組。作為CLIMADE的一部分，他們開發工具和干預措施以應對氣候加劇的疾病。她的研究結合實時基因組測序與大規模數據分析，以研究病毒的起源和傳播動態，應對全球公共衛生挑戰。