Handbook of Machine Vision

Alexander Hornberg

Handbook of Machine Vision

買這商品的人也買了...

商品描述

Description

With the demands of quality management and process control in an industrial environment machine vision is becoming an important issue. This handbook of machine vision is written by experts from leading companies in this field. It goes through all aspects of image acquisition and image processing. From the viewpoint of the industrial application the authors also elucidate in topics like illumination or camera calibration. Attention is paid to all hardware aspects, starting from lenses and camera systems to camera-computer interfaces. Besides the detailed hardware descriptions the necessary software is discussed with equal profoundness. This includes sections on digital image basics as well as image analysis and image processing. Finally the user is introduced to general aspects of industrial applications of machine vision, such as case studies and strategies for the conception of complete machine vision systems. With this handbook the reader will be enabled not only to understand up to date systems for machine vision but will also be qualified for the planning and evaluation of such technology.
 
 

Table of Contents

1 Processing of Information in the Human Visual System (Prof. Dr. F. Schaeffel, University of Tübingen).

1.1 Preface.

1.2 Design and Structure of the Eye.

1.3 Optical Aberrations and Consequences for Visual Performance.

1.4 Chromatic Aberration.

1.5 Neural Adaptation to Monochromatic Aberrations.

1.6 Optimizing Retinal Processing with Limited Cell Numbers, Space and Energy.

1.7 Adaptation to Different Light Levels.

1.8 Rod and Cone Responses.

1.9 Spiking and Coding.

1.10 Temporal and Spatial Performance.

1.11 ON/OFF Structure, Division of theWhole Illuminance Amplitude in Two Segments.

1.12 Consequences of the Rod and Cone Diversity on Retinal Wiring.

1.13 Motion Sensitivity in the Retina.

1.14 Visual Information Processing in Higher Centers.

1.15 Effects of Attention.

1.16 Color Vision, Color Constancy, and Color Contrast.

1.17 Depth Perception.

1.18 Adaptation in the Visual System to Color, Spatial, and Temporal Contrast.

1.19 Conclusions.

References.

2 Introduction to Building a Machine Vision Inspection (Axel Telljohann, Consulting Team Machine Vision (CTMV)).

2.1 Preface.

2.2 Specifying a Machine Vision System.

2.3 Designing a Machine Vision System.

2.4 Costs.

2.5 Words on Project Realization.

2.6 Examples.

3 Lighting in Machine Vision (I. Jahr, Vision & Control GmbH).

3.1 Introduction.

3.2 Demands on Machine Vision lighting.

3.3 Light used in Machine Vision.

3.4 Interaction of Test Object and Light.

3.5 Basic Rules and Laws of Light Distribution.

3.6 Light Filters.

3.7 Lighting Techniques and Their Use.

3.8 Lighting Control.

3.9 Lighting Perspectives for the Future.

References.

4 Optical Systems in Machine Vision (Dr. Karl Lenhardt, Jos. Schneider OptischeWerke GmbH).

4.1 A Look on the Foundations of Geometrical Optics.

4.2 Gaussian Optics.

4.3 The Wave Nature of Light.

4.4 Information Theoretical Treatment of Image Transfer and Storage.

4.5 Criteria for Image Quality.

4.6 Practical Aspects.

References.

5 Camera Calibration (R. Godding, AICON 3D Systems GmbH).

5.1 Introduction.

5.2 Terminology.

5.3 Physical Effects.

5.4 Mathematical Calibration Model.

5.5 Calibration and Orientation Techniques.

5.6 Verification of Calibration Results.

5.7 Applications.

References.

6 Camera Systems in Machine Vision (Horst Mattfeldt, Allied Vision Technologies GmbH).

6.1 Camera Technology.

6.2 Sensor Technologies.

6.3 CCD Image Artifacts.

6.4 CMOS Image Sensor.

6.5 Block Diagrams and their Description.

6.6 Digital Cameras.

6.7 Controlling Image Capture.

6.8 Configuration of the Camera.

6.9 Camera Noise1.

6.10 Digital Interfaces.

References.

7 Camera Computer Interfaces (Tony Iglesias, Anita Salmon, Johann Scholtz, Robert Hedegore, Julianna Borgendale, Brent Runnels, Nathan McKimpson, National Instruments).

7.1 Overview.

7.2 Analog Camera Buses.

7.3 Parallel Digital Camera Buses.

7.4 Standard PC Buses.

7.5 Choosing a Camera Bus.

7.6 Computer Buses.

7.7 Choosing a Computer Bus.

7.8 Driver Software.

7.9 Features of a Machine Vision System.

8 Machine Vision Algorithms (Dr. Carsten Steger, MVTec Software GmbH).

8.1 Fundamental Data Structures.

8.2 Image Enhancement.

8.3 Geometric Transformations.

8.4 Image Segmentation.

8.5 Feature Extraction.

8.6 Morphology.

8.7 Edge Extraction.

8.8 Segmentation and Fitting of Geometric Primitives.

8.9 Template Matching.

8.10 Stereo Reconstruction.

8.11 Optical Character Recognition.

References.

9 Machine Vision in Manufacturing (Dr.-Ing. Peter Waszkewitz, Robert Bosch GmbH).

9.1 Introduction.

9.2 Application Categories.

9.3 System Categories.

9.4 Integration and Interfaces.

9.5 Mechanical Interfaces.

9.6 Electrical Interfaces.

9.7 Information Interfaces.

9.8 Temporal Interfaces.

9.9 Human–Machine Interfaces.

9.10 Industrial Case Studies.

9.11 Constraints and Conditions.

References.

Index.

 

商品描述(中文翻譯)

描述

在工業環境中，由於對品質管理和過程控制的需求，機器視覺變得越來越重要。這本機器視覺手冊是由該領域領先公司的專家撰寫的。它涵蓋了圖像獲取和圖像處理的所有方面。從工業應用的角度出發，作者還闡述了照明或相機校準等主題。對所有硬件方面都予以關注，從鏡頭和相機系統到相機-計算機接口。除了詳細的硬件描述外，還同樣深入討論了必要的軟件。這包括數字圖像基礎知識以及圖像分析和圖像處理的部分。最後，讀者將介紹機器視覺的工業應用的一般方面，例如案例研究和完整機器視覺系統的構思策略。通過這本手冊，讀者不僅能夠了解最新的機器視覺系統，還能夠為該技術的規劃和評估提供資格。

目錄

1. 人類視覺系統中的信息處理（Prof. Dr. F. Schaeffel, University of Tübingen）。
1.1 前言。
1.2 眼睛的設計和結構。
1.3 光學畸變及其對視覺性能的影響。
1.4 色差。
1.5 對單色畸變的神經適應。
1.6 在有限的細胞數量、空間和能量下優化視網膜處理。
1.7 對不同光照水平的適應。
1.8 棒狀和錐狀反應。
1.9 尖峰和編碼。
1.10 時間和空間性能。
1.11 ON/OFF結構，將整個光強度振幅分為兩個部分。
1.12 棒狀和錐狀多樣性對視網膜連接的影響。
1.13 視網膜中的運動敏感性。
1.14 高級中樞的視覺信息處理。
1.15 注意力的影響。
1.16 色覺、色彩恒常性和色彩對比。
1.17 深度知覺。
1.18 對色彩、空間和時間對比的視覺系統適應。
1.19 結論。
參考文獻。
2. 機器視覺檢測入門（Axel Telljohann, Consulting Team Machine Vision (CTMV)）。
2.1 前言。
2.2 指定機器視覺系統。
2.3 設計機器視覺系統。
2.4 成本。

類似商品