交換路由組網技術項目教程

項目 1 認識局域網··········································································································1
任務 1 局域網基礎知識··································································································2
1.1.1 了解局域網···································································································2
1.1.2 理解網絡拓撲結構··························································································5
1.1.3 理解網絡體系結構··························································································9
1.1.4 理解 IP 地址和子網劃分················································································.16
任務 2 網絡工程規劃與設計·························································································.25
1.2.1 設計思路···································································································.25
1.2.2 方案實現···································································································.28
項目 2 搭建辦公網絡····································································································.31
任務 1 交換機基礎知識·······························································································.32
2.1.1 認識交換機································································································.32
2.1.2 通過 Console 端口配置交換機·········································································.34
2.1.3 使用 Telnet 方式登錄交換機···········································································.36
2.1.4 使用 eNSP 網絡仿真平臺···············································································.38
任務 2 搭建部門網絡··································································································.42
2.2.1 按部門劃分 VLAN 隔離辦公網絡 ····································································.42
2.2.2 采用交換機級聯實現跨交換機同部門的連通 ······················································.46
2.2.3 實現不同部門之間的網絡連通 ········································································.49
2.2.4 使用 DHCP 分配 IP 地址 ···············································································.52
任務 3 提高網絡冗余性·······························································································.56
2.3.1 使用端口鏈路聚合技術增加網絡帶寬 ·······························································.56
2.3.2 啟用生成樹協議解決冗余鏈路引起的環路問題 ···················································.59
2.3.3 使用堆疊技術增加網絡帶寬···········································································.64
項目 3 搭建園區網絡····································································································.68
任務 1 認識路由器·····································································································.69
3.1.1 路由器基礎知識··························································································.69
3.1.2 配置路由器子接口實現 VLAN 間的通信 ···························································.71
任務 2 使用靜態路由實現園區網絡的互聯·······································································.73
3.2.1 使用靜態路由實現網絡互聯···········································································.73
3.2.2 使用默認路由實現全網互聯···········································································.75
任務 3 使用 VRRP 技術提高網絡的可靠性 ······································································.78
項目 4 實現區域網絡互聯·····························································································.82
任務 1 使用 RIP 實現區域網絡互聯················································································.83
4.1.1 認識 RIP ···································································································.83
4.1.2 使用 RIP 實現區域網絡互通···········································································.88
任務 2 使用 OSPF 協議實現區域網絡互聯 ·······································································.92
4.2.1 認識 OSPF 協議 ··························································································.92
4.2.2 使用 OSPF 協議實現區域網絡互通 ··································································.99
任務 3 使用路由重分布實現多路由協議之間的網絡互聯·····················································106
4.3.1 RIP 與 OSPF 的路由雙向重分布······································································106
4.3.2 直連路由和靜態路由重分布到 OSPF 協議··························································110
項目 5 Internet 接入及網絡安全 ···················································································115
任務 1 訪問控制列表··································································································116
5.1.1 訪問控制列表基礎配置·················································································116
5.1.2 高級訪問控制列表配置·················································································126
5.1.3 復雜訪問控制列表配置·················································································132
任務 2 防火墻和 NAT·································································································139
5.2.1 防火墻基礎配置··························································································139
5.2.2 Basic NAT 配置···························································································149
5.2.3 NAPT 配置 ································································································154
5.2.4 NAT Server 配置 ·························································································157
任務 3 VPN 技術及應用······························································································162
5.3.1 GRE 隧道應用 ····························································································162
5.3.2 IPSec VPN 技術 ··························································································172
項目 6 搭建無線局域網································································································183
任務 1 搭建企業無線網絡····························································································184
6.1.1 WLAN 基礎知識 ·························································································184
6.1.2 企業 WLAN AC+AP 方式組網 ········································································187
任務 2 WLAN 工勘····································································································194
6.2.1 信號衰減測試·····························································································194
6.2.2 現場工勘···································································································196
項目 7 中小型企業網安全架構······················································································203
7.1 方案總體設計 ······································································································203
7.2 外網出口區·········································································································204
7.3 數據中心區·········································································································206
7.4 運維管理區·········································································································207
7.5 終端接入區·········································································································211
7.6 桌面雲服務器區 ···································································································213