Simulation Tools and Methods for Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Radial Inflow Turbine: Development and Application on Open-Source Code

To protect the Earth, China has launched its target of peaking carbon dioxide emissions by 2030, and achieving carbon neutrality by 2060, which greatly encourages the use and development of renewable energy.

Supercritical CO2 power cycle is a promising technology and the radial inflow turbine is the most important component of it, whose design and optimisation are considered as great challenges. This book introduces simulation tools and methods for supercritical CO2 radial inflow turbine, including a high fidelity quasi-one-dimensional design procedure, a non-ideal compressible fluid dynamics Riemann solver within open-source CFD software OpenFOAM framework, and a multi-objective Nelder-Mead geometry optimiser. Enhanced one-dimensional loss models are presented for providing a new insight towards the preliminary design of the supercritical CO2 radial inflow turbine. Since the flow phenomena within the blade channels are complex, involving fluid flow, shock wave transmission and boundary layer separation, only employing the ideal gas model is inadequate to predict the performance of the turbine. Thus, a non-ideal compressible fluid dynamics Riemann solver based on OpenFOAM library is developed. This book addresses the issues related to the turbine design and blade optimization and provides leading techniques. Hence, this book is of great value for the readers working on the supercritical CO2 radial inflow turbine and understanding the knowledge of CFD and turbomachinery.

為了保護地球，中國已經制定了在2030年達到二氧化碳排放峰值，並在2060年實現碳中和的目標，這大大鼓勵了可再生能源的使用和發展。

超臨界CO2動力循環是一項有前景的技術，而徑向進氣渦輪機是其中最重要的組件，其設計和優化被認為是巨大的挑戰。本書介紹了超臨界CO2徑向進氣渦輪機的模擬工具和方法，包括高保真度的準一維設計程序、基於開源CFD軟件OpenFOAM框架的非理想可壓縮流體動力學Riemann求解器，以及多目標Nelder-Mead幾何優化器。本書提出了增強的一維損失模型，為超臨界CO2徑向進氣渦輪機的初步設計提供了新的見解。由於葉片通道內的流動現象復雜，涉及流體流動、激波傳播和邊界層分離，僅使用理想氣體模型無法準確預測渦輪機的性能。因此，本書開發了一個基於OpenFOAM庫的非理想可壓縮流體動力學Riemann求解器。本書解決了與渦輪機設計和葉片優化相關的問題，提供了領先的技術。因此，對於從事超臨界CO2徑向進氣渦輪機工作並理解CFD和渦輪機械知識的讀者來說，本書具有很大的價值。

Dr. Jianhui Qi was born in November 1989. He has obtained his Bachelor and Master of Engineering at the Shandong University, in 2012 and 2015 respectively. He has got his Ph.D. in turbomachinery at the University of Queensland on March 1st, 2019. Currently, Dr. Qi serves as an associate professor at the School of Energy and Power Engineering at the Shandong University. His research interests include the design and optimisation of supercritical CO2 radial inflow turbines, turbomachinery (axial and radial) for energy conversion and propulsion, modeling of fluid- and thermodynamic systems (mainly the sCO2 Brayton cycles), and clean combustion and pollutant controlling for biomass fuels. He has participated in the concentrated solar power generation project led by the Australian Solar Thermal Research Initiative (ASTRI). He has carried out the research on supercritical CO2 radial inflow turbine selection, design, performance simulation and geometry optimisation for 1 MW power system. At present, he leads more than 10 national and provincial research projects.

齊建輝博士出生於1989年11月。他於2012年和2015年分別在山東大學獲得工學學士和碩士學位。他於2019年3月1日在昆士蘭大學獲得渦輪機械學博士學位。目前，齊博士擔任山東大學能源與動力工程學院的副教授。他的研究興趣包括超臨界CO2徑向進氣渦輪機的設計和優化、能源轉換和推進的渦輪機械（軸向和徑向）、流體和熱力學系統建模（主要是sCO2布雷頓循環）、以及生物質燃料的清潔燃燒和污染物控制。他曾參與澳大利亞太陽熱能研究計劃（ASTRI）領導的集中式太陽能發電項目。他曾對1兆瓦電力系統的超臨界CO2徑向進氣渦輪機選擇、設計、性能模擬和幾何優化進行研究。目前，他領導著10多個國家和省級研究項目。