Self-Recognition in Fish: Exploring the Mind in Animals
暫譯: 魚類的自我認知：探索動物的心智
Kohda, Masanori, Sogawa, Shumpei
商品描述
This book describes the process of making the major breakthrough in the study of animal self-awareness using fish. The discovery led by the author's team, proving the mirror self-recognition ability of fish, is vividly documented as they share the process of making, testing and verifying hypotheses and developing further hypotheses. The clear experimental results demonstrate the remarkable self-awareness in animals, overturning the conventional view and providing a key to understanding the origin of human self-awareness.
Starting from the current understanding of fish brains, individual recognition by its face, the following chapters introduce the series of the authors' research projects designed to understand mirror self-recognition (MSR) in animals. The sequence of the research into fish's MSR is documented, including how it started, the failures and successes, and the struggles. Additional tests carried out in response to various criticisms of the work have led to a re-examination of the research methods used prior to the author's work. The book then addresses the question of exactly when and how some fish recognize themselves in a mirror, exploring the self-awareness and the "mind", in other word "Eureka moment" in fish. This book points out and overturns the contradictions in conventional wisdom based on anthropocentrism and hypotheses about the evolution of self-awareness, proposing a new hypothesis that the self-awareness of humans and fish will be homologous. The book takes readers on an engaging exploration of the scientific experiments and the remarkable discovery of animal intelligence.
Cover illustration: Cleaner fish seeing its own face in a mirror (Photo by Dr. Taiga Kobayashi)
商品描述(中文翻譯)
這本書描述了利用魚類在動物自我意識研究中取得重大突破的過程。由作者團隊主導的發現，證明了魚類的鏡子自我識別能力，生動地記錄了他們在制定、測試和驗證假設以及發展進一步假設的過程。清晰的實驗結果展示了動物中顯著的自我意識，顛覆了傳統觀點，並提供了理解人類自我意識起源的關鍵。
從目前對魚類大腦的理解、通過面部進行的個體識別開始，接下來的章節介紹了作者設計的一系列研究項目，旨在理解動物的鏡子自我識別（MSR）。研究魚類MSR的過程被詳細記錄，包括如何開始、失敗與成功，以及所面臨的挑戰。針對對該工作的各種批評所進行的額外測試，導致對作者工作之前所使用的研究方法進行重新檢視。書中接著探討了究竟何時以及如何某些魚類在鏡子中識別自己，探索自我意識和“心智”，換句話說，就是魚類的“尤里卡時刻”。這本書指出並顛覆了基於人類中心主義的傳統智慧中的矛盾，以及關於自我意識演化的假設，提出了一個新的假設，即人類和魚類的自我意識是同源的。這本書帶領讀者深入探索科學實驗和動物智慧的驚人發現。
封面插圖：清潔魚在鏡子中看到自己的面孔（攝影：小林太雅博士）
作者簡介
Masanori Kohda is a Professor at Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, Japan. His research interests include evolution and comparative cognitive science of animals, especially the mind and self-awareness.
Shumpei Sogawa is a Post-doctoral fellow at Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, Japan. His research interests include animal behavior and comparative cognitive science, especially reciprocal altruism and self-awareness.
作者簡介(中文翻譯)
小田正則是日本大阪都會大學科學研究所的教授。他的研究興趣包括動物的演化與比較認知科學，特別是心智與自我意識。
曽川俊平是日本大阪都會大學科學研究所的博士後研究員。他的研究興趣包括動物行為與比較認知科學，特別是互惠利他主義與自我意識。
