Preparedness for Future Pandemics: Threats and Challenges
暫譯: 未來疫情的準備：威脅與挑戰

本書涵蓋了對於 COVID-19 疫情類似情況的未來準備的各個方面，因為 COVID-19 疫情已進入地方性流行階段。疫情和大規模爆發對公共健康的影響更為深遠，造成數百萬人喪生，並使企業遭受財務損失，最終導致失業和經濟危機。本書總結了過去疫情的所有教訓，包括其傳播、致病性、長期健康影響等。書中還包括一章專注於未來應對類似情況所需採取的行動。

本書主要集中於識別和填補疫情準備中的空白，開發有效的早期預警系統，加強現有策略，以及實施新全球政策以減輕未來疫情的必要性。它著重於「組學」方法在理解和探索新型及快速的預防、檢測和應對新興生物感染機制中的角色。書中還探討了疫情帶來的心理影響及其解決方案。

本書具有廣泛的科學影響，特別對於對微生物學、病毒學和免疫學領域感興趣的學術界人士和學生將特別有幫助。

本書與可持續發展目標 3「良好健康與福祉」相一致。

Dr. Rajeev Varshney is currently serving as the Director of the Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences (DIPAS), Delhi, India. He was Associate Director and Head Technology Management Division prior to assuming the charge of Director. Before moving to DIPAS, he served as Director, Technology Support & Management in the office of the Secretary Department of Defence R&D and Chairman DRDO. Dr Varshney is a postgraduate in biochemistry from Aligarh Muslim University and PhD from Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi. He has successfully contributed to the development of mechanism-based drugs for countering radiation injuries. He has also contributed in understanding human responses to high altitude adaptation and maladies using 'omics' approaches. Initiated a programme for inclusion of human factors engineering for indigenously developed military platforms. He has been awarded DRDO Spin off award, DRDO Lab-level Technology Group award and the Young Scientist award (twice) for presenting his work in Japan and Italy. He has contributed towards seamless transfer of over 16 technologies developed at DIPAS through LAToT agreements to 132 industries for bulk production and induction of products with users. He played a pivotal role in establishing DIPAS as one of the leading COVID-19 testing laboratories in the country and involved in the research work related to identification of COVID-19 severity biomarkers. He has served as an expert member of DST and ICMR projects advisory committee for funding and is a member of the National Academy of Medical Sciences. He has published several research papers in national/international journals of repute.

Dr. Iti Garg is a Senior Scientist at Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences, Ministry of Defence, DRDO, Delhi, India. She did Ph.D (Biochemistry) from Central Drug Research Institute (CDRI-CSIR), Lucknow and worked on filarial vaccine development. She started her career as a biochemist and then moved to molecular biology and cardiovascular diseases with more than twenty years of research experience. In DRDO, she worked in the area of chemical warfare agents (CWA), particularly on nerve agents and her research predominantly focused on the detection of expression of neuro specific genes after CWA exposure. Dr Iti has vast research experience in high altitude-induced maladies which is directly relevant to Indian soldiers stationed at high to extreme altitudes pertaining to various documented complications related to thromboembolic/coagulation disorders. She is working on preventive, diagnostic and therapeutic strategies to combat the disease. Amid the pandemic as a researcher, she worked on various aspects of COVID-19 progression/severity, mainly, the association of the ABO blood group, thrombotic markers, genetic variants and many more which would be helpful to mitigate the severity of the disease. Dr Iti has many publicationsin reputed national/international journals and life member of many scientific societies. She has attended and presented papers in various national and international conferences.

Dr. Swati Srivastava is currently serving as a Senior Scientist at Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences (DIPAS), Delhi, India and has been actively engaged in research activities for over 18 years. She did her master's in environmental biology with a specialization in biotechnology from the Department of Environmental Studies, University of Delhi. Dr. Swati obtained her Ph.D. degree in Environmental Studies from the University of Delhi. She joined DIPAS, Defence Research and Development Organization (DRDO) as Scientist in 2004 and since then working actively in the field of molecular biology and genomics on several research projects. Her research interests include identification of biomarkers for susceptibility and genetic resistance of human beings to various high-altitude maladies such as venous thrombosis (VT) and high-altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE) under extreme environmental conditions. She has published several research articles in various reputed national and international journals, including three book chapters. Her research area includes multi-OMICS-based studies on high altitude maladies under which she has identified various potential miRNAs, genomic and exomic variants and methylation patterns that could be useful as early predictive and diagnostic biomarkers for high altitude disease management. Recently, she has been engaged in identification of biomarkers for prediction of COVID-19 susceptibility and severity and has published several research articles related to it. She is a recipient of DRDO Lab-level Technology Group award and Best Research Publication award. Also, she has presented her work at various international conferences. Dr. Swati is a life member of several scientific societies and an active reviewer of many reputed international journals.

拉傑夫·瓦爾什尼博士目前擔任印度德里國防生理學與相關科學研究所（DIPAS）所長。在擔任所長之前，他曾擔任副所長及技術管理部門負責人。在加入DIPAS之前，他在國防研發部部長辦公室擔任技術支持與管理部門的所長，並擔任DRDO主席。瓦爾什尼博士擁有阿里格爾穆斯林大學的生物化學碩士學位及新德里賈瓦哈拉爾·尼赫魯大學的博士學位。他成功地為對抗輻射傷害開發了基於機制的藥物。他還在利用「組學」方法理解人類對高海拔適應及疾病的反應方面做出了貢獻。他啟動了一個計劃，將人因工程納入本土開發的軍事平台中。他曾獲得DRDO衍生獎、DRDO實驗室級技術小組獎及兩次青年科學家獎，以表彰他在日本和意大利展示的研究成果。他促成了通過LAToT協議將DIPAS開發的16項技術無縫轉移至132家企業進行大規模生產及產品引入用戶。他在建立DIPAS成為國內領先的COVID-19檢測實驗室方面發揮了關鍵作用，並參與了與COVID-19嚴重性生物標記識別相關的研究工作。他曾擔任DST和ICMR項目資助諮詢委員會的專家成員，並是國家醫學科學院的成員。他在國內外知名期刊上發表了多篇研究論文。

伊提·加爾博士是印度德里國防生理學與相關科學研究所的高級科學家。她在中央藥物研究所（CDRI-CSIR）獲得生物化學博士學位，並從事絲蟲疫苗的開發。她的職業生涯始於生物化學領域，隨後轉向分子生物學和心血管疾病，擁有超過二十年的研究經驗。在DRDO，她專注於化學戰劑（CWA）領域，特別是神經毒劑，並主要研究CWA暴露後神經特異性基因的表達檢測。伊提博士在高海拔引起的疾病方面擁有豐富的研究經驗，這與駐守在高海拔至極高海拔的印度士兵面臨的各種與血栓栓塞/凝血障礙相關的文獻記載的併發症直接相關。她正在研究預防、診斷和治療策略以對抗這些疾病。在疫情期間，作為研究人員，她研究了COVID-19進展/嚴重性的各個方面，主要包括ABO血型、血栓標記、基因變異等的關聯，這些研究有助於減輕疾病的嚴重性。伊提博士在知名的國內外期刊上發表了多篇論文，並是多個科學學會的終身會員。她參加並在各種國內外會議上發表論文。

斯瓦提·斯里瓦斯塔瓦博士目前擔任印度德里國防生理學與相關科學研究所（DIPAS）的高級科學家，並在研究活動中活躍了超過18年。她在德里大學環境研究系獲得環境生物學碩士學位，專攻生物技術。斯瓦提博士在德里大學獲得環境研究的博士學位。她於2004年加入DIPAS，成為DRDO的科學家，並自那時起在分子生物學和基因組學領域積極參與多個研究項目。她的研究興趣包括在極端環境條件下，識別人類對各種高海拔疾病（如靜脈血栓（VT）和高海拔肺水腫（HAPE））的易感性和遺傳抗性生物標記。她在多個知名的國內外期刊上發表了多篇研究文章，包括三個書章。她的研究領域包括基於多組學的高海拔疾病研究，在此領域中，她識別了多種潛在的miRNA、基因組和外顯子變異及甲基化模式，這些可能作為高海拔疾病管理的早期預測和診斷生物標記。最近，她參與了COVID-19易感性和嚴重性預測生物標記的識別，並發表了多篇相關的研究文章。她是DRDO實驗室級技術小組獎和最佳研究出版獎的獲得者，並在多個國際會議上展示了她的研究成果。斯瓦提博士是多個科學學會的終身會員，並是多個知名國際期刊的活躍審稿人。