Human Rights and Legal Services for Children and Youth: Global Perspectives
暫譯: 兒童與青少年的人權與法律服務：全球視角

本書討論了法律服務診所及各種其他促進司法公平的倡議，這些倡議旨在保護和代表全球多個國家兒童和青少年的權利與利益。這些可能包括由政府、大學或社區運營的法律服務或司法公平診所。本書匯集了來自印度、英國、美國、巴西、澳大利亞、印尼、波蘭和西班牙等多個國家的學者、律師、研究人員和法律專業人士的貢獻，探討他們如何在各自的國家中代表兒童和青少年。本書著眼於這些司法公平倡議目前如何提供協助、他們使用的兒童友好司法程序，以及可以在其他司法管轄區複製的最佳實踐。各章節包含了實地研究的發現、一些案例研究以及與這些主題相關的模型。書中還提出了加強兒童和青少年司法公平及法律服務的建議。主要目標是為希望在自己大學和社區擴展兒童倡導機會的讀者創建一個資源。讀者還可以學習如何進行立法倡導和案例法倡導，以改善其他司法管轄區的法律；並獲得最佳和可複製的倡議。這些做法可以被其他診所和國家所採納。本書將對兒童權利倡導者和捍衛者、法律學生、法律研究人員、公民社會組織、法律服務機構、法律援助機構、教育機構、學校當局、青少年司法當局、臨床法律教育者、司法教育者、司法從業者以及法律和政策制定者等人員有所幫助。

Prof. Dr. Asha Bajpai recently retired from Tata Institute of Social Sciences, Mumbai and is now a visiting faculty at several national and international law schools. She obtained her MPhil and PhD in law from the National Law School of India University, Bangalore; and specializes in child rights law, public health law, access to justice for vulnerable and disadvantaged. She has been involved in teaching, research, training, gender justice issues, legal aid, clinical education and legislative reform, relating to vulnerable, for more than three decades. She has several publications to her credit. Her book 'Child Rights in India -- Law, Policy and Practice' is now in its third edition. Her other publications include 'From Exploitation to Empowerment: A Socio-Legal Model of Rehabilitation and Reintegration of Intellectually Disabled Children' (authored book, 2018), 'Adoption Law and Justice to the Child' (authored for institution, 1996), 'Child Sexual Abuse - Need forLaw Reform' (Indian Journal of Social Work), etc. She is lead speaker, resource person and faculty at various national and international universities and conferences. She was a Fulbright lecturer at the Washington College of Law, American University, where she designed and taught a course to LLM and JD students on International and Comparative Child Rights Law.

As Professor of Law and Founding Dean of School of Law at the Tata Institute of Social Sciences (TISS), Mumbai, India, she designed the unique LLM course on Access to Justice, for preparing community lawyers. She has been involved in several law reform projects and capacity building of judicial and law enforcement officials. She was Project Director of field action projects such as Legal Services Clinic for the marginalized and vulnerable groups and Chunauti (challenge) for rehabilitation and social reintegration of orphan children in institutions. Regularly invited as Amicus Curiae and expert by Mumbai and Delhi High Courts in Public Interest Litigation, she was also the Invited Expert at the UNESCO High Level meeting on ECCE (early childhood care and education) and with UNODC on Education for Justice. She does consultancy assignments for United Nations and Global Justice Sector Workforce, and continues her capacity building and law reform work.

Professor David Tushaus is Associate Dean of Graduate and Experiential Education at Jigme Singye Wangchuck School of Law, Bhutan. He was a Fulbright-Nehru Scholar in 2012 at Banaras Hindu University (BHU), Varanasi, India. He also served as a Fulbright Specialist for the University of The Gambia Faculty of Law in 2017. He was an International Clinician in Residence and Fulbright Specialist in Myanmar in the summer of 2018 and 2019. He was then an Ambassadors Distinguished Scholar at Bahir Dar School of Law, Bahir Dar University, Ethiopia. Professor Tushaus was a staff attorneyand clinic director for the Midwest Innocence Project and the University of Missouri - Kansas City. Prior to that he was a professor in the Department of Criminal Justice, Legal Studies and Social Work, and chairperson for ten years, at Missouri Western State University. He developed service-learning approaches to teaching legal research, legal drafting, election law, and human rights. Earlier, he worked for Legal Aid of Western Missouri obtaining grants, supervising staff and handling cases involving government benefits, health care, consumer issues, domestic violence, disabilities, and farm problems. Awards for his advocacy include a 1995 Missouri Health Law Advocacy Award for state-wide work for consumer protections. More recently, he received the Missouri Governor's Award for Excellence in Education in 2011.

Dr. M.R.K. Prasad is Professor of Law at V.M. Salgaocar College of Law, Goa, India. He has served the same institute as Principal from 2015 to 2020, and as Dean, Faculty of Law, and Chairman, Board of Studies in Law at Goa University. He has also served as Professor of Law at the Indian Law Institute, New Delhi, India. He is instrumental in establishing and functionalizing Community Legal Aid Clinics set up in the Indian State of Goa. He was a member of the core team to design and teach in Winter Intersession India International & Comparative Human Rights Law Practicum, a joint venture between law schools in India and the United States. He was a member of the Committee constituted by the Chief Justice of India & Patron-in-Chief, NALSA, for preparing SOP/guidelines for the legal services institutions engaging Legal Aid/Services Clinics set up in the law schools, colleges, and universities in India; Member of Goa NGO Accreditation Committee, constituted by the Women and Child Department, Government of Goa; Member of the Goa State Commission for Protection of Child Rights; Member of Committee to Draft Goa State Prison Rules and Member of the Expert Committee for Diploma in Legal Literacy Program, Indira Gandhi National Open University (IGNOU). He was a member of developing e-content on Access to Justice for the University Grants Commission (UGC)'s Project on E-Pathshala for Post Graduate Courses in Law. He also contributed to course content for School of Law, IGNOU, and UGC. He has published several scholarly articles and essays in leading law journals, including Clinical Law Review, Journal of Indian Law Institute, and Delhi Law Review, apart from regularly contributing to the Annual Survey of Indian Law since 2012. During his tenure as Principal at V.M. Salgaocar College of Law, he was the founding Director of the institute's Moot Court Society, its ADR Board, and Chairman of its Legal Aid Society.

阿莎·巴賈皮教授博士最近從孟買塔塔社會科學研究所退休，現在是多所國內外法學院的訪問教員。她在印度國立法學院（National Law School of India University, Bangalore）獲得法學碩士（MPhil）和法學博士（PhD）學位，專注於兒童權利法、公眾健康法以及弱勢和邊緣化群體的司法獲取。她在教學、研究、培訓、性別正義問題、法律援助、臨床教育和立法改革等方面，與弱勢群體合作超過三十年。她有多部出版物，著作《印度兒童權利——法律、政策與實踐》目前已進入第三版。她的其他出版物包括《從剝削到賦權：智障兒童的社會法律復健與再融入模式》（著作，2018年）、《收養法與兒童的正義》（為機構撰寫，1996年）、《兒童性虐待——法律改革的必要性》（印度社會工作期刊）等。她是多所國內外大學和會議的主講人、資源人員和教員。她曾在美國大學華盛頓法學院擔任富布賴特講師，設計並教授一門針對LLM和JD學生的國際與比較兒童權利法課程。

作為孟買塔塔社會科學研究所（TISS）法學教授及法學院創院院長，她設計了獨特的LLM課程，專注於司法獲取，以培養社區律師。她參與了多個法律改革項目及司法和執法官員的能力建設。她曾擔任邊緣化和弱勢群體法律服務診所及Chunauti（挑戰）項目的項目主任，該項目旨在為機構中的孤兒提供復健和社會再融入。她經常被孟買和德里高等法院邀請擔任公共利益訴訟的Amicus Curiae和專家，並曾受邀參加聯合國教科文組織關於早期兒童照護與教育（ECCE）的高層會議，以及與聯合國毒品和犯罪問題辦公室（UNODC）合作的司法教育會議。她為聯合國和全球司法部門工作提供諮詢，並持續進行能力建設和法律改革工作。

大衛·圖沙斯教授是不丹吉克梅·辛基·旺楚克法學院的研究生及實驗教育副院長。他於2012年在印度瓦拉納西的班納拉斯印度大學（BHU）擔任富布賴特-尼赫魯學者。他還於2017年擔任甘比亞大學法學院的富布賴特專家。2018年和2019年夏季，他在緬甸擔任國際臨床專家和富布賴特專家。隨後，他成為埃塞俄比亞巴希爾達法學院的特別學者。圖沙斯教授曾擔任中西部無辜項目的律師和診所主任，以及密蘇里州堪薩斯市的密蘇里大學的律師。在此之前，他在密蘇里西部州立大學的刑事司法、法律研究和社會工作系任教，並擔任系主任十年。他開發了法律研究、法律起草、選舉法和人權的服務學習教學方法。早期，他在密蘇里西部法律援助機構工作，負責獲取資助、監督員工及處理涉及政府福利、醫療保健、消費者問題、家庭暴力、殘疾和農業問題的案件。他因倡導工作獲得1995年密蘇里州健康法倡導獎，以表彰其在全州範圍內的消費者保護工作。最近，他於2011年獲得密蘇里州州長教育卓越獎。

M.R.K. 普拉薩德博士是印度果阿V.M. Salgaocar法學院的法學教授。他曾於2015年至2020年擔任該院院長，並擔任果阿大學法學院的法學院院長及法學研究委員會主席。他還曾在新德里的印度法學院擔任法學教授。他在果阿邦建立並運作社區法律援助診所方面發揮了重要作用。他是設計和教授冬季學期印度國際與比較人權法實習課程的核心團隊成員，該課程是印度和美國法學院的聯合項目。他還是由印度首席大法官及NALSA的名譽主席組成的委員會成員，負責為在印度法學院、學院和大學設立的法律援助/服務診所準備標準作業程序/指導方針；果阿非政府組織認證委員會成員，由果阿政府婦女與兒童部組成；果阿州兒童權利保護委員會成員；果阿州監獄規則起草委員會成員；以及印度甘地國立開放大學（IGNOU）法律素養文憑項目的專家委員會成員。他還參與了為大學補助委員會（UGC）開發有關司法獲取的電子內容，該項目名為E-Pathshala，針對法學研究生課程。他還為IGNOU法學院和UGC的課程內容做出了貢獻。他在多本知名法律期刊上發表了多篇學術文章和論文，包括臨床法律評論、印度法學院期刊和德里法律評論，並自2012年以來定期為印度法律年鑑貢獻文章。在擔任V.M. Salgaocar法學院院長期間，他是該院模擬法庭社團、替代性爭議解決委員會及法律援助社團的創始主任。