Social Capital and Information Technology (社會資本與資訊科技)

Marleen Huysman, Volker Wulf

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The concept of social capital, or the value that can be derived from social ties created by goodwill, mutual support, shared language, common beliefs, and a sense of mutual obligation, has been applied to a number of fields, from sociology to management. It is only lately, however, that researchers in information technology and knowledge management have begun to explore the idea of social capital in relation to their fields. This collection of thirteen essays by computer scientists, sociologists, communication specialists, economists, and others presents a multidisciplinary look at this particular intersection of information technology and social science and the need to adopt a sociotechnical perspective.

For the most part the contributors take a positive view of the interplay of social capital, knowledge sharing, and community building. Some essays look at specific instances, including the on-line and face-to-face relationships of a community of athletes, the building of social capital among Iranian NGOs, and the Internet-based communities created by the open-source movement, while others discuss more general ideas of civic and personal communities. The last four essays examine computer applications that augment social capital, including topic- and member-centered communications spaces such as the Expert Finder and the Loops system and virtual repositories of knowledge such as the Answer Garden and Pearls of Wisdom.

Marleen Huysman is Associate Professor in the Department of Information Systems, Marketing and Logistics, Faculty of Economics and Business Administration, Vrije Unversiteit Amsterdam.

Volker Wulf is Associate Professor at the University of Siegen, Senior Researcher at the Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Information Technology, and Head of the International Institute for Socio-Informatics, Bonn.

 

 

Table of Contents:

Preface vii
1 Social Capital and Information Technology: Current Debates and Research
Marleen Huysman and Volker Wulf
1
I Social Capital in Civic Engagement 17
2 Trust, Acceptance, and Alignment: The Role of IT in Redirecting a Community
Anna-Liisa Syrjänen and Kari Kuutti
21
3 The Effects of Dispersed Virtual Communities on Face-to-Face Social Capital
Anita Blanchard
53
4 Find What Binds: Building Social Capital in an Iranian NGO Community System
Markus Rohde
75
5 How Does the Internet Affect Social Capital?
Anabel Quan-Haase and Barry Wellman
113
II Social Capital in Knowledge Sharing 133
6 The Ties That Share: Relational Characteristics That Facilitate Information Seeking
Rob Cross and Stephen P. Borgatti
137
7 Exploring the Eagerness to Share Knowledge: The Role of Social Capital and ICT in Knowledge Sharing
Bart van den Hooff, Jan de Ridder and Eline Aukema
163
8 Design Requirements for Knowledge-Sharing Tools: A Need for Social Capital Analysis
Marleen Huysman
187
9 Explaining the Underutilization of Business-to-Business E-Commerce in Geographically Defined Business Clusters: The Role of Social Capital
Charles Steinfeld
209
10 The Impact of Social Capital on Project-Based Learning
Mike Bresnan, Linda Edelman, Sue Newell, Harry Scarbrough and Jacky Swan
231
III Applications of IT 269
11 Sharing Expertise: The Next Step for Knowledge Management
Mark Ackerman and Christine Halverson
273
12 Pearls of Wisdom: Social Capital Building in Informal Learning Environments
Robbin Chapman
301
13 Expertise Finding: Approaches to Foster Social Capital
Andreas Becks, Tim Reichling and Volker Wulf
333
14 Fostering Social Creativity by Increasing Social Capital
Gerhard Fischer, Eric Scharff and Yunwen Ye
355
Contributors 401
Index 403

商品描述(中文翻譯)

描述:
社會資本的概念,即通過善意、互助、共同語言、共同信念和相互義務所創造的社會聯繫所產生的價值,已被應用於多個領域,從社會學到管理學。然而,直到最近,信息技術和知識管理領域的研究人員才開始探索社會資本與其領域的關聯。這本由計算機科學家、社會學家、傳播專家、經濟學家和其他人撰寫的十三篇文章,提供了一個多學科的視角,探討了信息技術和社會科學的這一特定交叉領域以及採用社會技術觀點的必要性。

大部分作者對社會資本、知識分享和社區建設的相互作用持積極的觀點。一些文章探討了具體的例子,包括運動員社區的線上和面對面關係、伊朗非政府組織之間的社會資本建設,以及開源運動創建的互聯網社區,而其他文章則討論了公民和個人社區的更一般的觀念。最後四篇文章探討了增強社會資本的計算機應用,包括以主題和成員為中心的通信空間,如專家查找器和Loops系統,以及知識虛擬存儲庫,如答案花園和智慧珍珠。

Marleen Huysman是阿姆斯特丹自由大學經濟與商業管理學院信息系統、市場營銷和物流系的副教授。

Volker Wulf是西根大學副教授,應用信息技術弗勞恩霍夫應用信息技術研究所的高級研究員,以及波恩國際社會信息學研究所的負責人。

目錄:
前言
第一章 社會資本與信息技術:當前辯論和研究
Marleen Huysman和Volker Wulf

第一部分 公民參與中的社會資本
第二章

(以下省略)