VLSI Circuits and Embedded Systems

Very Large-Scale Integration (VLSI) creates an integrated circuit (IC) by combining thousands of transistors into a single chip. While designing a circuit, reduction of power consumption is a great challenge. VLSI designs reduce the size of circuits which eventually reduces the power consumption of the devices. However, it increases the complexity of the digital system. Therefore, computer-aided design tools are introduced into hardware design processes.

Unlike the general-purpose computer, an embedded system is engineered to manage a wide range of processing tasks. Single or multiple processing cores manage embedded systems in the form of microcontrollers, digital signal processors, field-programmable gate arrays, and application-specific integrated circuits. Security threats have become a significant issue since most embedded systems lack security even more than personal computers. Many embedded systems hacking tools are readily available on the internet. Hacking in the PDAs and modems is a pervasive example of embedded systems hacking.

This book explores the designs of VLSI circuits and embedded systems. These two vast topics are divided into four parts. In the book's first part, the Decision Diagrams (DD) have been covered. DDs have extensively used Computer-Aided Design (CAD) software to synthesize circuits and formal verification. The book's second part mainly covers the design architectures of Multiple-Valued Logic (MVL) Circuits. MVL circuits offer several potential opportunities to improve present VLSI circuit designs. The book's third part deals with Programmable Logic Devices (PLD). PLDs can be programmed to incorporate a complex logic function within a single IC for VLSI circuits and Embedded Systems. The fourth part of the book concentrates on the design architectures of Complex Digital Circuits of Embedded Systems. As a whole, from this book, core researchers, academicians, and students will get the complete picture of VLSI Circuits and Embedded Systems and their applications.

非常大規模積體電路（VLSI）將數千個晶體管結合在一個芯片上，創造出一個集成電路（IC）。在設計電路時，降低功耗是一個巨大的挑戰。VLSI設計減小了電路的尺寸，從而降低了設備的功耗。然而，這也增加了數字系統的複雜性。因此，硬體設計過程引入了計算機輔助設計工具。

與通用計算機不同，嵌入式系統被設計用於管理各種處理任務。單個或多個處理核心以微控制器、數字信號處理器、現場可編程門陣列和特定應用集成電路的形式管理嵌入式系統。由於大多數嵌入式系統缺乏安全性，安全威脅已成為一個重大問題，甚至比個人電腦更為嚴重。許多嵌入式系統黑客工具在互聯網上都很容易獲得。對PDA和數據機的黑客攻擊是嵌入式系統黑客的普遍例子。

本書探討了VLSI電路和嵌入式系統的設計。這兩個廣泛的主題分為四個部分。在本書的第一部分中，介紹了決策圖（DD）。DD在計算機輔助設計（CAD）軟件中被廣泛應用於合成電路和形式驗證。本書的第二部分主要涵蓋了多值邏輯（MVL）電路的設計架構。MVL電路提供了改進現有VLSI電路設計的幾個潛在機會。本書的第三部分涉及可編程邏輯器件（PLD）。PLD可以編程以在單個IC中包含複雜的邏輯功能，用於VLSI電路和嵌入式系統。本書的第四部分集中討論了嵌入式系統的複雜數字電路的設計架構。總的來說，從本書中，核心研究人員、學者和學生將獲得VLSI電路和嵌入式系統及其應用的完整圖景。

Professor Dr. Hafiz Md. Hasan Babu is currently working as a Professor in the Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Dhaka, Bangladesh. He is also the former Chairman of the same department. Recently, he has completed his tenured as Pro-Vice-Chancellor of National University, Bangladesh, where he was on deputation from the Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Dhaka, Bangladesh. For his excellent academic and administrative capability, he also served as the Professor and founding Chairman of the Department of Robotics and Mechatronics Engineering, University of Dhaka, Bangladesh. He served as a World Bank Senior Consultant and General Manager of the Department of the Information Technology & the Department of Management Information Systems of Janata Bank Limited, Bangladesh. Dr. Hasan Babu was the World Bank Resident Information Technology Expert of the Supreme Court Project Implementation Committee, Supreme Court of Bangladesh. He was also the Information Technology Consultant of Health Economics Unit and the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare in the project SSK (Shasthyo Shurokhsha Karmasuchi) and Social Health Protection Scheme under the direct supervision and funding of German Financial Cooperation through KfW.

哈菲茲·穆罕默德·哈桑·巴布博士目前在孟加拉國達卡大學的計算機科學與工程系擔任教授。他也曾擔任該系的主任。最近，他從達卡大學的計算機科學與工程系調職到孟加拉國國立大學擔任副校長。由於他出色的學術和行政能力，他還擔任達卡大學機器人與機電工程系的教授和創系主任。他曾擔任世界銀行高級顧問，以及孟加拉國Janata銀行有限公司的信息技術部和管理信息系統部的總經理。哈桑·巴布博士曾擔任孟加拉國最高法院項目執行委員會的世界銀行駐場信息技術專家。他還是德國金融合作社通過KfW直接監督和資助的SSK（Shasthyo Shurokhsha Karmasuchi）項目和社會健康保護計劃的衛生經濟單位和衛生和家庭福利部的信息技術顧問。