Aromatic Basmati Rice: Science, Mapping, and Monitoring
暫譯: 香氣巴斯馬蒂米：科學、地圖繪製與監測

香氣四溢的巴斯馬蒂米（Aromatic Basmati rice），在其鑑賞家眼中被稱為「香氣珍珠」，已在印度和巴基斯坦的特定地理氣候區域種植了幾個世紀。它受到全球超過100個國家的消費者的喜愛。由於其特有的香氣和穀粒品質特徵，巴斯馬蒂米在國際市場上的價格遠高於其他非香米，這使得生產者農民和貿易商都受益。對於規劃者、政策制定者和貿易商來說，及時獲取巴斯馬蒂米的種植面積和產量信息是必要的。目前，衛星遙感和其他地理信息技術工具正在用於巴斯馬蒂米的面積估算和產量預測。不幸的是，目前尚無任何出版物涉及巴斯馬蒂米的各個方面，包括其栽培實踐、面積繪製、作物生長監測和產量預測。本書可能是首部專門探討香氣四溢的巴斯馬蒂米的著作，不僅涵蓋上述方面，還包括全球貿易及氣候變化帶來的問題及其對未來產量的可能影響。

具體而言，本書涵蓋：
- 巴斯馬蒂米——歷史與文化視角
- 品種與栽培實踐
- 米香的科學
- 影響巴斯馬蒂香氣和穀粒品質的環境因素
- 巴斯馬蒂面積繪製中的遙感技術
- 使用機器學習技術的產量預測
- 巴斯馬蒂米鑑別中的高光譜數據分析
- 傳統的面積和產量估算方法
- 巴斯馬蒂米的全球貿易
- 氣候變化對巴斯馬蒂米生產的影響

總之，本書涵蓋了香氣四溢的巴斯馬蒂米栽培、繪製和監測中涉及的農業和地理空間技術方面。希望本書能對研究人員、地理空間技術專家、農學家、環保人士、農民、貿易商、消費者以及所有對這種大自然賜予我們的美妙穀物感興趣的人有所幫助。

Manik H. Kalubarme is a postgraduate in Agriculture (Agronomy) from G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, and Ph.D. in Environmental Science, Uttarakhand Technical University, Dehradun. He joined the Space Applications Centre, Indian Space Research Organisation, in 1976 and contributed to various projects related to "Remote Sensing applications for Agriculture and Environment" for more than 34 years. His major contributions were related to the development of procedures for crop acreage and production estimation using remote sensing satellite data for various crops at the district and state levels. He has also contributed to different application projects like Land Use/Land Cover monitoring,

Soil degradation studies, urban land use monitoring, etc., using multi-temporal Remote sensing satellite data. He has also developed procedures for Basmati rice discrimination based on phenological stage differences using multi-temporal remote-sensing satellite data, and was also involved in the BEDF (APEDA) sponsored project on 'Varietal discrimination, acreage and yield estimation of Basmati Aromatic rice in North-Western India. He has also received many awards, including a Team Excellence Award from ISRO for successfully implementing Remote Sensing applications for the Crop acreage and production estimation project. He has published over 90 research papers in peer-reviewed journals and contributed to several book chapters.

Dharmesh Verma completed his Masters in Soil Science from G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, and his doctorate in Agriculture Chemistry from C.C.S. University, Meerut (UP). He is a domain expert in Remote Sensing and GIS applications for natural resources with more than 25 years of experience. He joined as a Scientist at the Remote Sensing Applications Centre -Uttar Pradesh, and worked on Remote sensing Projects in Soil Mapping, Crop Suitability, Crop mapping, and yield forecasting. He has worked on World Bank-aided projects on Sodic land mapping at the cadastral and regional levels; Irrigation Impact Evaluation using Remote Sensing and GIS in irrigation schemes of the Andhra Pradesh Economic Restructuring Project. He has also worked with AgriNet Solutions, a Remote Sensing Geospatial company, originated by UPL Ltd., a plant protection global multinational group of companies, for a decade. He worked as Chair for Pillar-1 of the ASP of the UNFAO's Global Soil Partnership program for two years. He also worked as a Global Head-Technical for a Dubai-based Fertilizer Company for a short period. He and his team worked for Basmati rice acreage and yield estimation for a decade for APEDA, Govt. of India. He has many publications, including research articles and books, to his credit.

Ritesh Sharma holds a Ph.D. in Plant Breeding & Genetics from Dr. B.R. Ambedkar University, Agra. Currently. He is the Joint Director at Basmati Export Development Foundation of APEDA, Ministry of Commerce, GoI. He is involved in the maintenance of Basmati germplasm & breeding, and authentic seed production. He has developed several new technologies, including Pata Practice and Basmati Paddy Thresher (Patented). He is actively involved in providing extension services to the stakeholders of Basmati-growing states. He has been nominated as a member of the National committees, as a two-member committee for registration of rice mills for the export of rice to the USA and China as APEDA representative, and also nominated as a member of the variety identification committee by DDG, ICAR. He was a member of the team for the audit of the Public Sector of Basmati growing states by the European Committee, and also a member of the Chinese delegation. He is also actively providing expertise to different state governments, including J & K, on different issues related to Basmati, including doubling the Farmers' incomes by 2022. He has also published several books/chapters, and many research papers.

A.N. Singh is a post-graduate in Soil Science from G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, and Ph.D. from the University of Allahabad. He was a Visiting Scientist at LARS, Purdue University, USA, and a Post-doctoral Fellow at the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), Philippines. He joined NRSC, Hyderabad, in 1975 and initiated Satellite Remote Sensing applications to soil mapping in the North-Eastern, Western Coast, and Indo-Gangetic Plains regions of India. Later, he joined the Remote Sensing Applications Centre-Uttar Pradesh (RSAC-UP), and carried out various national mapping projects, including the Salt-affected soils mapping, Wasteland mapping, and Natural Resources Census. He was the Director of RSAC-UP from 2001 to 2008, and his notable contribution at this Centre was the use of geo-informatics in the execution and monitoring of large-scale sodic land reclamation in Uttar Pradesh. Later, he joined IRRI as a GIS Consultant and was responsible for the targeted dissemination of stress-tolerant rice varieties in South Asia. He has published more than 65 research papers in peer-reviewed journals and several book chapters, including chapters in two international books on Aromatic rice. He was also involved in Basmati rice mapping and production estimation for BEDF (APEDA), Ministry of Commerce. He is an active member of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing and remained Vice-President of the society. He also remained the Vice-President of the Indian Society of Soil Survey and Land Use Planning.

**Manik H. Kalubarme** 擁有 G.B. Pant 農業與技術大學的農業（農藝學）碩士學位，以及烏塔拉坎德技術大學的環境科學博士學位。他於 1976 年加入印度空間研究組織的空間應用中心，並在與「農業和環境的遙感應用」相關的各種項目中貢獻了超過 34 年。他的主要貢獻是開發使用遙感衛星數據進行作物面積和產量估算的程序，涵蓋各種作物的區域和州級別。他還參與了多個應用項目，如土地利用/土地覆蓋監測、土壤退化研究、城市土地利用監測等，使用多時相的遙感衛星數據。他還基於多時相遙感衛星數據開發了巴斯馬蒂米（Basmati rice）區分的程序，並參與了由 BEDF（APEDA）贊助的「北印度西北部巴斯馬蒂香米的品種區分、面積和產量估算」項目。他獲得了許多獎項，包括來自 ISRO 的團隊卓越獎，以表彰他成功實施作物面積和產量估算項目的遙感應用。他在同行評審的期刊上發表了超過 90 篇研究論文，並貢獻了幾個書籍章節。

**Dharmesh Verma** 在 G.B. Pant 農業與技術大學獲得土壤科學碩士學位，並在 C.C.S. 大學獲得農業化學博士學位。他是自然資源遙感和 GIS 應用的領域專家，擁有超過 25 年的經驗。他在北方邦的遙感應用中心擔任科學家，參與土壤制圖、作物適宜性、作物制圖和產量預測的遙感項目。他曾參與世界銀行資助的鹼性土地制圖項目，涵蓋地籍和區域層面；以及在安得拉邦經濟重組項目的灌溉計劃中使用遙感和 GIS 進行灌溉影響評估。他還在 AgriNet Solutions 工作，這是一家由 UPL Ltd. 創立的遙感地理空間公司，工作了十年。他擔任聯合國糧農組織全球土壤夥伴關係計劃的 ASP 第一支柱主席兩年，並短期擔任一家位於迪拜的化肥公司的全球技術負責人。他和他的團隊為印度政府 APEDA 提供了十年的巴斯馬蒂米面積和產量估算服務。他擁有多篇出版物，包括研究文章和書籍。

**Ritesh Sharma** 擁有德里 B.R. 安貝德卡大學的植物育種與遺傳學博士學位。目前，他是 APEDA 巴斯馬蒂出口發展基金會的聯合主任，隸屬於印度商務部。他參與巴斯馬蒂種質的維護與育種，以及正宗種子的生產。他開發了幾項新技術，包括 Pata 實踐和巴斯馬蒂稻脫粒機（已獲專利）。他積極參與為巴斯馬蒂種植州的利益相關者提供擴展服務。他被提名為全國委員會成員，作為 APEDA 代表的兩人小組，負責美國和中國的稻米出口磨坊註冊，並被 DDG, ICAR 提名為品種識別委員會成員。他曾是歐洲委員會對巴斯馬蒂種植州公共部門審計團隊的成員，也是中國代表團的成員。他還積極為包括查謨和克什米爾在內的不同州政府提供專業意見，解決與巴斯馬蒂相關的各種問題，包括到 2022 年使農民收入翻倍。他還出版了幾本書籍/章節和多篇研究論文。

**A.N. Singh** 擁有 G.B. Pant 農業與技術大學的土壤科學碩士學位，以及阿拉哈巴德大學的博士學位。他曾是美國普渡大學 LARS 的訪問科學家，並在菲律賓國際稻米研究所（IRRI）擔任博士後研究員。他於 1975 年加入海得拉巴的 NRSC，並開始在印度東北、西海岸和印度河平原地區進行土壤制圖的衛星遙感應用。後來，他加入了北方邦遙感應用中心（RSAC-UP），並執行了多個國家制圖項目，包括鹽害土壤制圖、荒地制圖和自然資源普查。他於 2001 年至 2008 年擔任 RSAC-UP 的主任，他在該中心的顯著貢獻是將地理資訊技術應用於北方邦大規模鹼性土地改良的執行和監測。後來，他加入 IRRI 擔任 GIS 顧問，負責在南亞推廣抗逆境稻米品種。他在同行評審的期刊上發表了超過 65 篇研究論文和幾個書籍章節，包括兩本國際書籍中有關香米的章節。他還參與了為 BEDF（APEDA）進行的巴斯馬蒂米制圖和產量估算。他是印度遙感學會的活躍成員，曾擔任該學會的副會長。他還曾擔任印度土壤調查與土地利用規劃學會的副會長。