Clean Energy: Technology, Advances, and Applications
暫譯: 清潔能源：技術、進展與應用

這段文字包含了各種技術和方法，幫助產生清潔和可再生的能源形式。它還包括在能源轉換媒介中使用燃料的各個方面，例如內燃機，並與現有的化石燃料進行比較。它還專注於綠氫革命和城市熱島效應。

Tikendra Nath Verma earned a Bachelor of Engineering (BE) degree in mechanical engineering with first division from Pt. Ravi Shankar Shukla University, Raipur (Chhattisgarh), in 2006. He completed his Master's degree in thermal engineering in 2009 at the Department of Mechanical Engineering, Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology Bhopal (Madhya Pradesh). He earned a PhD from the National Institute of Technology, Raipur (Chhattisgarh). He joined the Institute of Technology, Korba (Chhattisgarh), as an assistant professor in July 2013 serving there until September 2015. He then joined the National Institute of Technology Manipur as an assistant professor in September 2015, where he worked until May 2020. In June 2020, he joined the Department of Mechanical Engineering at the Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology, Bhopal, as an assistant professor. He is currently an associate professor in MANIT, Bhopal. He has three ongoing projects supported by various funding agencies, including the Department of Science and Technology-Core Research Grant (DST-CRG), Technical Education Quality Improvement Programme (TEQIP)-III, Seed Grant, and DST Manipur. He has published more than 213 research articles (11 in Science Citation Index (SCI)/Science Citation Index Expanded (SCIE) and 35 in Scopus) in various national and international journals, book chapters, and conferences (51) with high impact factors. His work has been cited 5194 times, with an h-index of 44 and an i10 index of 97. He has successfully guided six PhD and 22 MTech students. He has organized several programs as a convener and organizing secretary for different Faculty Development Programme (FDPs), workshops, and seminars. He holds six granted patents and has filed six patents in India and Australia. He serves as a guest editor for the Environmental Science & Pollution Research, Materials Today: Proceedings, and Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering. He is also the editor of Vegetable Oil Volume 1: Biofuel Technology and Volume 2: Future of Different Seeds Oil. Recently, he was featured in "Top 2% scientist of the world from India in all fields" by a survey conducted by Stanford University. He is an active member of the Institution of Engineers (India) (IEI), Fluid Mechanics and Fluid Power, and the Indian Society of Heat and Mass Transfer. He also organized four KARYASHALA (High-End Workshops) under the DST SERB Scheme (each 5 lakhs).

Thokchom Subhaschandra Singh earned a Bachelor of Engineering (BE) in mechanical engineering with First Class with Distinction and a Master of Engineering (ME) in thermal engineering with First Class with Distinction from Anna University, Chennai. He earned a Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) in mechanical engineering from the National Institute of Technology Manipur. He is currently an assistant professor of mechanical engineering at the National Institute of Technology Manipur and has over 8 years of teaching experience. He has completed projects funded by DST Manipur and TEQIP-III, NIT Manipur. He has published numerous research articles in reputed international and national journals and presented his work at international and national conferences. He has supervised more than 15 MTech students in thermal and fluids engineering at NIT Manipur. He is also associated with the IEI Manipur State Centre as the Honorary Secretary (2023 onward) and has previously served as the Joint Honorary Secretary of the State Centre of the IEI (2018-2021 and 2021-2023). He has published book chapters with reputed publishers and has reviewed many articles in reputed journals. He has been granted three Australian patents and one Indian design patent. He successfully established "Fuel Production and Testing Laboratory" in the Department of Mechanical Engineering at NIT Manipur in 2020. He holds professional memberships in reputed organizations such as the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), Institute of Engineers (IE) (India), International Association of Engineers (IAENG), Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE), and Indian Society of Mechanical Engineers (ISME).

Upendra Rajak earned a Bachelor of Engineering (BE) degree in mechanical engineering with first division from Rajiv Gandhi Proudyogiki Vishwavidyalaya (RGPV), Bhopal (Madhya Pradesh) in 2010. He completed his Master's degree in hydro power engineering in 2013 from the Department of Civil Engineering, Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology Bhopal (Madhya Pradesh). He served as an assistant professor in the Vidhyapeeth Institute of Science & Technology, Bhopal, from July 2013 to July 2016. He earned his PhD from the National Institute of Technology Imphal (Manipur). He joined the Rajeev Gandhi Memorial College of Engineering and Technology, Nandyal, as an assistant professor in February 2020 and is currently working as an assistant professor (Grade II) in the Department of Mechanical Engineering. His research interests include computational fluid dynamics, heat and mass transfer, and renewable energy and alternative fuels in internal combustion engines. He has published more than 100 papers in SCI- and Scopus-indexed journals, authored two books, and contributed to seven book chapters in reputed publishers. He also serves as a potential reviewer for reputed journals such as Energy, Fuel, SN Applied Sciences, International Journal of Thermal Engineering, and Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects.

Prerana Nashine earned a Bachelor of Technology (BTech) degree in mechanical engineering from the National Institute of Technology, Raipur, Chhattisgarh. She completed her Master's degree in energy system and pollution from the Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Raipur (Chhattisgarh). She earned her PhD from the National Institute of Technology, Rourkela. She has 8 years of teaching experience and 1.5 years of industrial experience. She worked as a mechanical engineer at DSC Limited. She worked as an assistant professor in the Department of Mechanical Engineering at Manipur Technical University, Imphal. From November 2022, she has been working as an assistant professor in the PSS Central Institute of Vocational Education (a constituent unit of National Council of Educational Research and Training (NCERT) under the Ministry of Education, Government of India). She has published 37 research articles (25 in SCI, 8 in Scopus, and 4 in University Grant Commission (UGC)-approved/non-SCI-approved journals) in various national and international journals with high impact factors. She has also organized programs as a convener and organizing secretary for different FDPs, workshops, and seminars. Additionally, she has served as a potential reviewer for reputed journals.

Gaurav Dwivedi completed his BTech in mechanical engineering from I.K. Gujrat Punjab Technical University (IKGPTU), Jalandhar; MTech in energy systems from IIT Roorkee; and PhD in renewable energy (biofuel) from IIT Roorkee, India. He has 12 years of teaching experience in mechanical and energy engineering, during which he taught various subjects such as IC engine, thermodynamics, fluid machinery, and bioenergy at various institutes including VIT University, Vellore, and Amity University, Noida. Currently, he is an assistant professor in the Energy Centre at the Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology, Bhopal, India. His research interests include biodiesel production methodology, enhancement of fuel properties, and the application of biofuel and hydrogen in engine operations. He has published more than 150 papers in various international journals and presented his work in various international conferences, with more than 80 papers indexed in SCI and Scopus. Additionally, he has authored four books with international publishers and contributed to 12 book chapters. He received the Young Scientist Award at NIT Trichy for his contributions to the field of renewable energy. He is an active member of the IEI, Solar Energy Society of India, and IEEE. He also served as a guest editor for international journals including Sustainable Energy Technology and Assessment, Materials Today: Proceedings, and the Journal of Traffic and Transportation. He is currently managing three ongoing projects with a combined funding of more than 45 lakhs, sponsored by DST and MPCST. He also been featured in "Top 2% scientist of the world from India (all fields)" for the years 2020, 2021, 2022, and 2023, according to a survey conducted by Stanford University.

Ashwani Kumar holds a PhD in mechanical engineering, specializing in mechanical vibration and design. Currently, he serves as a senior lecturer in mechanical engineering at the Technical Education Department of Uttar Pradesh, India, under the Government of Uttar Pradesh, a position he has held since December 2013. Prior to this, Dr. Kumar worked as an assistant professor in the Department of Mechanical Engineering at Graphic Era University, Dehradun, India from July 2010 to November 2013. With over 14 years of combined experience in research, academia, and administration, Dr. Kumar has held various roles, including coordinator for All India Council for Technical Education (AICTE)-Extension of Approval, nodal officer for the Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana for Technical Institutes (PMKVY-TI) Scheme (Government of India), internal coordinator for the CDTP Scheme (Government of Uttar Pradesh), industry-academia relation officer, assistant centre superintendent in the Institute Examination Cell, zonal officer for conducting the Joint Entrance Examination (Diploma), and Sector Magistrate for State Assembly Elections held in Uttar Pradesh. As an academician and researcher, Dr. Kumar serves as the series editor for five book series: Advances in Manufacturing, Design and Computational Intelligence Techniques, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Developments, Smart Innovations and Technological Advancements in Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Energy Systems, and Computational Intelligence and Biomedical Engineering. Furthermore, he is the guest editor for a special issue titled "Sustainable Buildings, Resilient Cities, and Infrastructure Systems" in Buildings (ISSN: 2075-5309, I.F. 3.8). Dr. Kumar serves as editor-in-chief of the International Journal of Materials, Manufacturing and Sustainable Technologies (ISSN: 2583-6625) and as editor of the International Journal of Energy Resources Applications (ISSN: 2583-6617). Additionally, he acts as a guest editor and editorial board member for eight international journals and a review board member for 20 prestigious international journals indexed in SCI/SCIE/Scopus, including Applied Acoustics, Measurement, Journal of Engineering Science and Technology (JESTEC), and Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering (AJSE). Dr. Kumar has an extensive publication record, with more than 100 articles in journals, book chapters, and conferences. He has authored, co-authored, and edited more than 40 books in mechanical, materials, and renewable energy engineering. He holds three patents and has been recognized for his contributions to academia and research, earning the title of Best Teacher for excellence in both fields. Actively engaged in academic pursuits, Dr. Kumar has successfully supervised 15 BTech, MTech, and PhD theses and serves as an external doctoral committee member of S.R.M. University, New Delhi. He is associated with various international conferences as an invited speaker, session chair, advisory board member, review board member, and program committee member. He has delivered numerous invited talks in webinars, FDPs, and workshops. His current research interests include AI and ML in mechanical engineering, smart materials and manufacturing techniques, thermal energy storage, building efficiency, renewable energy harvesting, and sustainable mobility. Dr. Kumar's ORCID ID is 0000-0003-4099-935X, and his Google Scholar web link is https: //scholar.google.com/citations?hl=en&user=KOILpEkAAAAJ.

**Tikendra Nath Verma**於2006年在恰蒂斯加爾邦的Pt. Ravi Shankar Shukla University獲得機械工程學士學位（BE），並以優異成績畢業。他於2009年在博帕爾的Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology（NIT Bhopal）機械工程系完成熱能工程碩士學位（M.Tech）。他在恰蒂斯加爾邦的國立技術學院（National Institute of Technology, Raipur）獲得博士學位（PhD）。他於2013年7月加入恰蒂斯加爾邦的科技學院（Institute of Technology, Korba）擔任助理教授，並在那裡工作至2015年9月。隨後，他於2015年9月加入曼尼普爾國立技術學院（National Institute of Technology Manipur）擔任助理教授，並在那裡工作至2020年5月。2020年6月，他再次加入博帕爾的Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology機械工程系，擔任助理教授。目前，他是MANIT博帕爾的副教授。他有三個正在進行的項目，獲得了多個資助機構的支持，包括科學與技術部核心研究資助（DST-CRG）、技術教育質量提升計劃（TEQIP）-III、種子資助和DST曼尼普爾。他已在各種國內和國際期刊、書籍章節和會議上發表超過213篇研究文章（其中11篇在科學引文索引（SCI）/擴展科學引文索引（SCIE）中，35篇在Scopus中），並且這些文章的影響因子都很高。他的工作被引用5194次，h指數為44，i10指數為97。他成功指導了六名博士生和22名碩士生。他作為召集人和組織秘書組織了多個不同的教師發展計劃（FDP）、研討會和研討會。他擁有六項已授權專利，並在印度和澳大利亞申請了六項專利。他擔任《環境科學與污染研究》（Environmental Science & Pollution Research）、《材料今日：會議》（Materials Today: Proceedings）和《機械工程講義》（Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering）的客座編輯。他還是《植物油第一卷：生物燃料技術》（Vegetable Oil Volume 1: Biofuel Technology）和《第二卷：不同種子油的未來》（Volume 2: Future of Different Seeds Oil）的編輯。最近，他在斯坦福大學進行的調查中被評選為“來自印度的世界前2%科學家”。他是印度工程師學會（IEI）、流體力學與流體動力學協會和印度熱質傳遞學會的活躍成員。他還在DST SERB計劃下組織了四個KARYASHALA（高端研討會），每個資助5萬盧比。

**Thokchom Subhaschandra Singh**獲得安娜大學（Anna University, Chennai）機械工程學士學位（BE）及熱能工程碩士學位（ME），均以優異成績畢業。他在曼尼普爾國立技術學院獲得機械工程博士學位（PhD）。目前，他是曼尼普爾國立技術學院的機械工程助理教授，擁有超過8年的教學經驗。他完成了由DST曼尼普爾和TEQIP-III資助的項目。他在國際和國內知名期刊上發表了多篇研究文章，並在國際和國內會議上展示了他的工作。他在曼尼普爾國立技術學院指導了超過15名熱能與流體工程的碩士生。他還擔任IEI曼尼普爾州中心的名譽秘書（2023年起），並曾擔任IEI州中心的聯合名譽秘書（2018-2021和2021-2023）。他與知名出版商合作發表了書籍章節，並審稿了多篇知名期刊的文章。他已獲得三項澳大利亞專利和一項印度設計專利。他於2020年在曼尼普爾國立技術學院的機械工程系成功建立了“燃料生產與測試實驗室”。他在美國機械工程師學會（ASME）、印度工程師學會（IE）、國際工程師協會（IAENG）、汽車工程師學會（SAE）和印度機械工程師學會（ISME）等知名組織中擁有專業會員資格。

**Upendra Rajak**於2010年在拉吉夫甘地普勞迪約基大學（Rajiv Gandhi Proudyogiki Vishwavidyalaya, RGPV）獲得機械工程學士學位（BE），並於2013年在博帕爾的Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology（NIT Bhopal）土木工程系完成水力發電工程碩士學位（M.Tech）。他於2013年7月至2016年7月在Vidhyapeeth Institute of Science & Technology擔任助理教授。他在曼尼普爾國立技術學院獲得博士學位（PhD）。他於2020年2月加入拉吉夫甘地紀念工程技術學院（Rajeev Gandhi Memorial College of Engineering and Technology, Nandyal）擔任助理教授，目前在機械工程系擔任助理教授（II級）。他的研究興趣包括計算流體力學、熱質傳遞以及內燃機中的可再生能源和替代燃料。他在SCI和Scopus索引的期刊上發表了超過100篇論文，並著有兩本書，為知名出版商貢獻了七個書籍章節。他還擔任多個知名期刊的潛在審稿人，如《能源》（Energy）、《燃料》（Fuel）、《SN應用科學》（SN Applied Sciences）、《國際熱工程期刊》（International Journal of Thermal Engineering）和《能源來源，A部分：回收、利用及環境影響》（Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects）。

**Prerana Nashine**在恰蒂斯加爾邦的國立技術學院獲得機械工程學士學位（BTech），並在該校的機械工程系完成能源系統與污染碩士學位（M.Tech）。她在Rourkela的國立技術學院獲得博士學位（PhD）。她擁有8年的教學經驗和1.5年的工業經驗，曾在DSC Limited擔任機械工程師。她曾在曼尼普爾技術大學的機械工程系擔任助理教授。自2022年11月起，她在PSS中央職業教育研究所（PSS Central Institute of Vocational Education，隸屬於印度教育部的國家教育研究與訓練委員會（NCERT））擔任助理教授。她在各種國內和國際期刊上發表了37篇研究文章（25篇在SCI，8篇在Scopus，4篇在大學資助委員會（UGC）批准的期刊中），這些期刊的影響因子都很高。她還作為召集人和組織秘書組織了多個不同的FDP、研討會和研討會。此外，她還擔任多個知名期刊的潛在審稿人。

**Gaurav Dwivedi**在I.K. Gujrat Punjab Technical University（IKGPTU）獲得機械工程學士學位（BTech），在印度理工學院Roorkee獲得能源系統碩士學位（MTech），並在同校獲得可再生能源（生物燃料）博士學位（PhD）。他在機械和能源工程領域擁有12年的教學經驗，期間教授了多個科目，如內燃機、熱力學、流體機械和生物能源，並在VIT大學（Vellore）和阿米提大學（Noida）等多個學院任教。目前，他是博帕爾的Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology能源中心的助理教授。他的研究興趣包括生物柴油生產方法、燃料性質的增強以及生物燃料和氫氣在引擎運行中的應用。他在各種國際期刊上發表了超過150篇論文，並在多個國際會議上展示了他的工作，其中超過80篇被SCI和Scopus索引。此外，他與國際出版商合作著有四本書，並為12個書籍章節作出貢獻。他因在可再生能源領域的貢獻而獲得NIT Trichy的青年科學家獎。他是IEI、印度太陽能學會和IEEE的活躍成員。他還擔任過《可持續能源技術與評估》（Sustainable Energy Technology and Assessment）、《材料今日：會議》（Materials Today: Proceedings）和《交通與運輸期刊》（Journal of Traffic and Transportation）的客座編輯。目前，他正在管理三個正在進行的項目，總資金超過45萬盧比，資助方為DST和MPCST。他在2020年、2021年、2022年和2023年被評選為“來自印度的世界前2%科學家”，根據斯坦福大學的調查。

**Ashwani Kumar**擁有機械工程博士學位，專攻機械振動和設計。目前，他在印度北方邦技術教育部擔任機械工程高級講師，自2013年12月以來一直擔任此職位。在此之前，Kumar博士於2010年7月至2013年11月在德拉敦的Graphic Era University的機械工程系擔任助理教授。Kumar博士在研究、學術和行政方面擁有超過14年的綜合經驗，曾擔任全印度技術教育委員會（AICTE）批准延長的協調員、印度政府的技術學院普拉丹曼特里技能發展計劃（PMKVY-TI）計劃的節點官員、北方邦政府的CDTP計劃的內部協調員、產業學術關係官、學院考試小組的助理中心主任、聯合入學考試（文憑）的區域官員，以及北方邦州議會選舉的區域法官。作為學者和研究人員，Kumar博士擔任五個書籍系列的系列編輯：《製造進展》（Advances in Manufacturing）、《設計與計算智能技術》（Design and Computational Intelligence Techniques）、《可再生與可持續能源發展》（Renewable and Sustainable Energy Developments）、《機械與材料工程中的智能創新與技術進步》（Smart Innovations and Technological Advancements in Mechanical and Materials Engineering）、《能源系統》（Energy Systems）和《計算智能與生物醫學工程》（Computational Intelligence and Biomedical Engineering）。此外，他還擔任《建築》（Buildings）期刊的特刊編輯，特刊題為《可持續建築、韌性城市和基礎設施系統》（Sustainable Buildings, Resilient Cities, and Infrastructure Systems）（ISSN: 2075-5309，影響因子3.8）。Kumar博士擔任《國際材料、製造與可持續技術期刊》（International Journal of Materials, Manufacturing and Sustainable Technologies）（ISSN: 2583-6625）的主編，以及《國際能源資源應用期刊》（International Journal of Energy Resources Applications）（ISSN: 2583-6617）的編輯。此外，他還擔任八個國際期刊的客座編輯和編輯委員會成員，並擔任20個在SCI/SCIE/Scopus中索引的知名國際期刊的審稿委員，包括《應用聲學》（Applied Acoustics）、《測量》（Measurement）、《工程科學與技術期刊》（Journal of Engineering Science and Technology, JESTEC）和《阿拉伯科學與工程期刊》（Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering, AJSE）。Kumar博士擁有豐富的出版記錄，在期刊、書籍章節和會議上發表了超過100篇文章。他已著作、合著和編輯超過40本機械、材料和可再生能源工程的書籍。他擁有三項專利，並因對學術和研究的貢獻而獲得最佳教師稱號，表彰他在這兩個領域的卓越表現。Kumar博士積極參與學術活動，成功指導了15篇BTech、MTech和PhD論文，並擔任新德里的S.R.M.大學的外部博士委員會成員。他與各種國際會議有關聯，擔任受邀演講者、會議主席、顧問委員會成員、審稿委員會成員和程序委員會成員。