An Introduction to Gauge Theories
暫譯: 量子場論導論

由粒子物理學領域的世界頂尖專家撰寫，這本由Luciano Maiani和Omar Benhar所著的新書，並有已故的Nicola Cabibbo的貢獻，基於Feynman的量子場論路徑積分公式。書中描述了規範理論的關鍵要素——Feynman圖、規範固定、Faddeev-Popov鬼，以及量子電動力學中的重整化。書中介紹了夸克和量子色動力學（QCD）相互作用。重整化群和耦合常數的高動量行為在量子電動力學（QED）和量子色動力學（QCD）中都有討論，並在一圈中推導出漸近自由性。這些概念與希格斯玻色子的質量及大統一模型相關。新版本已全面更新，新增兩章介紹格點QCD場論的概要以及對K介子衰變中顯著的ΔI = 1/2規則的重整化群分析。書中還討論了最新的格點QCD結果，包括輕夸克質量譜和對ΔI = 1/2規則的定量證明。關於μ子異常磁矩的章節現在包括了格點QCD對強子真空極化貢獻的最新更新，這與最新的μ子g-2實驗結果相符。

主要特點：
- 包含QED的重整化，並詳細展示了完整的例子以及Ward恆等式的原始推導。
- 討論了應用，包括QED和QCD的β函數計算以及電弱μ子異常。
- 探索在非常高能量下的基本常數，以引入大統一理論、標量場的非自然性以及對標準理論以外的新物理的動機。

Luciano Maiani is emeritus professor of theoretical physics at the University of Rome, "La Sapienza", and author of more than two hundred scientific publications on the theoretical physics of elementary particles. Together with S. Glashow and J. Iliopoulos, Maiani made the prediction of a new family of particles, those with "charm", which form an essential part of the unified theory of the weak and electromagnetic forces. He has been president of the Italian Institute for Nuclear Physics (INFN), director-general of CERN in Geneva and president of the Italian National Council for Research (CNR). He has promoted the development of the Virgo Observatory for gravitational wave detection, the neutrino beam from CERN to Gran Sasso and at CERN has directed the crucial phases of the construction of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). He has taught and worked in numerous foreign institutes. He was head of the theoretical physics department at the University of Rome, "La Sapienza", from 1976 to 1984 and held the chair of theoretical physics from 1984 to 2011. He is a member of the Italian Lincean Academy and a fellow of the American Physical Society. For his scientific work, he has been awarded the J. J. Sakurai Prize, the Enrico Fermi Prize, the Dirac Medal, the High Energy and Particle Physics Prize of EPS and the Bruno Pontecorvo Prize.

Omar Benhar is an INFN research director and teaches gauge theories at the University of Rome, "La Sapienza". He has worked extensively in the United States as a visiting professor at the University of Illinois and Old Dominion University, and was an associate scientist at the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility. Since 2013, he has served as an adjunct professor at the Centre for Neutrino Physics of Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. He is the author of more than one hundred scientific papers on the theory of many-particle systems, the structure of compact stars and electroweak interactions of nuclei.

Nicola Cabibbo (1935-2010) was professor of Theoretical Physics and Elementary Particle Physics at the Rome Universities La Sapienza and Tor Vergata, and held research and teaching positions in prestigious institutions such as Harvard University, the Institute for Advanced Studies, Princeton, CERN, Geneva, University of California at Berkeley and Universite Paris VI. In 1962, Cabibbo discovered the phenomenon of quark mixing, described by a new natural constant, the Cabibbo angle, measured with great accuracy in semileptonic weak decays of hadrons. According to a recent analysis, Cabibbo's paper on quark mixing was the most influential article published in the journals of the American Physical Society during 1893-2003. In the 1980s, Cabibbo provided important momentum to the applications of numerical techniques to theoretical physics, notably the gauge theories of strong interactions, promoting and leading the development of the family of APE (Array Processor Experiment) supercomputers. He served as a member of a number of learned societies: Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei and Accademia delle Scienze di Torino, in Italy, National Academy of Science and American Association for Art and Sciences, in the United States, and Accademia Pontificia delle Scienze, which he chaired from 1993. An internationally reputed science manager, Cabibbo was president of Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN) and of Ente Nazionale per le Nuove Tecnologie per Energia e Ambiente (ENEA). He was the recipient of the J.J. Sakurai Prize (APS), the Medaglia Matteucci (Accademia Nazionale dei XL), the Dirac Medal (ICTP Trieste), and the Benjamin Franklin Medal.

盧西亞諾·馬亞尼是羅馬大學「拉薩比恩扎」的名譽教授，專攻理論物理，並且在基本粒子的理論物理領域發表了超過兩百篇科學論文。馬亞尼與S. Glashow和J. Iliopoulos共同預測了一種新的粒子家族，即「魅」粒子，這些粒子是弱力和電磁力統一理論的重要組成部分。他曾擔任意大利核物理研究所（INFN）主席、日內瓦CERN的總幹事以及意大利國家研究委員會（CNR）主席。他推動了用於重力波探測的維爾戈觀測站的發展、從CERN到格蘭薩索的中微子束，並在CERN指導了大型強子對撞機（LHC）建設的關鍵階段。他曾在多個外國機構教授和工作。從1976年到1984年，他擔任羅馬大學「拉薩比恩扎」的理論物理系主任，並於1984年至2011年擔任理論物理教授。他是意大利林切學院的成員，也是美國物理學會的研究員。因其科學工作，他獲得了J. J. Sakurai獎、恩里科·費米獎、迪拉克獎、歐洲物理學會的高能與粒子物理獎以及布魯諾·龐特科沃獎。

奧馬爾·本哈爾是INFN的研究主任，並在羅馬大學「拉薩比恩扎」教授規範理論。他曾在美國廣泛工作，擔任伊利諾伊大學和老領地大學的訪問教授，並在托馬斯·傑佛遜國家加速器設施擔任副科學家。自2013年以來，他擔任維吉尼亞理工學院中微子物理中心的兼任教授。他是有關多粒子系統理論、緊湊星結構和核的電弱相互作用的超過一百篇科學論文的作者。

尼科拉·卡比博（1935-2010）曾擔任羅馬大學「拉薩比恩扎」和托爾維爾加的理論物理及基本粒子物理教授，並在哈佛大學、高級研究院、普林斯頓、CERN、日內瓦、加州大學伯克利分校和巴黎第六大學等著名機構擔任研究和教學職位。1962年，卡比博發現了夸克混合現象，並用一個新的自然常數——卡比博角來描述，該角在強子半輕子衰變中被精確測量。根據最近的分析，卡比博關於夸克混合的論文是1893年至2003年間在美國物理學會期刊上發表的最具影響力的文章。在1980年代，卡比博為數值技術在理論物理中的應用提供了重要的動力，特別是在強相互作用的規範理論中，推動並引領了APE（陣列處理器實驗）超級計算機系列的發展。他曾是多個學術社團的成員：意大利的林切學院和都靈科學院、美國的國家科學院和美國藝術與科學協會，以及他自1993年起擔任主席的教宗科學院。作為一位國際知名的科學管理者，卡比博曾擔任意大利國家核物理研究所（INFN）和國家新技術能源與環境機構（ENEA）的主席。他獲得了J.J. Sakurai獎（APS）、馬特烏奇獎（意大利國家XL學院）、迪拉克獎（ICTP的的里雅斯特）和本傑明·富蘭克林獎。