Radiation Protection Dosimetry: A Radical Reappraisal
暫譯: 輻射防護劑量測定：徹底重評

Simmons, Jack A., Watt, David E.

Radiation Protection Dosimetry: A Radical Reappraisal
  • 出版商: Routledge
  • 出版日期: 2025-09-01
  • 售價: $4,020
  • 貴賓價: 9.5 折 $3,819
  • 語言: 英文
  • 頁數: 156
  • 裝訂: Hardcover - also called cloth, retail trade, or trade
  • ISBN: 1041074131
  • ISBN-13: 9781041074137
  • 相關分類: 物理學 Physics

    • 海外代購書籍(需單獨結帳)

商品描述

Background:

Physicist Jack Simmons' research led him to develop a new paradigm to quantify radiation effects. He questioned both the International Commission on Radiation Units and Measurements (ICRU) and the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP), which had established the definition and measurement of radiation dose on physical principles. Jack Simmons maintained that measurement of radiation dose should be based on the biological effects of radiation at the DNA level and his proposed model for radiation protection dosimetry was based primarily on radiation fluence rather than dose.

The book:

Radiation Protection Dosimetry: A Radical Reappraisal was originally published in 1999. It was the first major effort to present an alternative approach to previous radiation protection dosimetry and the new bio-effectiveness model marked a new approach which challenged traditional thinking. The book analyses the defects and limitation of the traditional radiation protection paradigm, recording the history of its evolution, primarily the roles of the ICRP and the ICRU and documents scientific lapses. A detailed description of the various radiobiological models to describe the health effects of radiation is also presented.

Lasting Impact:

The book made waves in radiation protection circles as at that time all radiation protection standards were based on epidemiological studies, mainly relying on data from the Nagasaki and Hiroshima bomb survivors.

However, in 2020 the ICRU and the ICRP published an alternative approach to their definition of operational radiation protection quantities that went some of the way towards concurring with Jack Simmons' views and proposals set out in the book. For this reason the decision was made to reissue this important work.

商品描述(中文翻譯)

背景：

物理學家傑克·西蒙斯（Jack Simmons）的研究使他發展出一種新的範式來量化輻射效應。他質疑國際輻射單位與測量委員會（ICRU）和國際放射防護委員會（ICRP），這兩個機構基於物理原則建立了輻射劑量的定義和測量。傑克·西蒙斯主張，輻射劑量的測量應基於輻射在DNA層面的生物效應，他提出的輻射防護劑量學模型主要基於輻射通量（radiation fluence）而非劑量（dose）。

本書：

輻射防護劑量學：激進的重新評估最初於1999年出版。這是首次重大努力提出與以往輻射防護劑量學不同的替代方法，新的生物效能模型標誌著一種挑戰傳統思維的新方法。本書分析了傳統輻射防護範式的缺陷和限制，記錄了其演變的歷史，主要是ICRP和ICRU的角色，並記錄了科學上的失誤。書中還詳細描述了各種輻射生物學模型，以描述輻射對健康的影響。

持久影響：

本書在輻射防護界引起了轟動，因為當時所有的輻射防護標準都是基於流行病學研究，主要依賴於長崎和廣島原子彈倖存者的數據。

然而，在2020年，ICRU和ICRP發表了一種替代方法，對其操作性輻射防護量的定義進行了調整，這在某種程度上與傑克·西蒙斯在本書中提出的觀點和建議達成了一致。因此，決定重新發行這部重要著作。

作者簡介

Jack Simmons (1934-2021) went to the newly established Atomic Energy Research Establishment at Harwell, Oxfordshire in 1952 as one of its youngest scientists. Studying part-time while working, he got into the Sir John Cass College, which became part of the City of London Polytechnic, to read physics. This led to an MSc and a PhD from St Bartholomew's Hospital Medical College, where his interest was in the application of physics to medical problems, especially the use of radiation, and he went on to complete a two-year postdoctoral fellowship at the Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, Maryland. There followed a spell at the Medical Research Council Radiation Unit at Hammersmith Hospital in West London, where he helped to put in place new electronic techniques and held a research position in Munich before he was asked to join the Polytechnic of Central London in 1970, where he was made a professor of radiation biophysics and took a sabbatical to work for the US Environmental Protection Agency in Washington. Jack remained at the Polytechnic of Central London, now known as the University of Westminster, for 30 years until he retired.

David E. Watt obtained his PhD degree innuclear physics at the University of Glasgow. In 1956 he joined the UK Atomic Weapons Research Establishment at Aldermaston, where he remained until 1961. He was engaged in the design and development of high sensitivity detectors for absolute measurement of radionuclides resulting from nuclear fall-out. Joining a Radiobiological Research Unit in the nuclear power sector of the UK Atomic Energy Authority, Dr. Watt specialized in the study of biophysical mechansism of radiation damage. In 1969 he was part of the founding staff of the new Department of Medical Biophysics at the Unviersity of Dundee and in 1980 he was awarded the Founders Medal of the UK Society for Radiological Projection for 'contributions of distinction. In 1984 Dr. Watt transferred to the School of Physics and Astronomy at the University of St. Andrews.

作者簡介(中文翻譯)

杰克·西蒙斯（Jack Simmons，1934-2021）於1952年作為最年輕的科學家之一，前往位於牛津郡哈威爾的新成立的原子能研究機構。邊工作邊兼讀，他進入了約翰·卡斯學院（Sir John Cass College），該學院後來成為倫敦城市理工學院的一部分，專攻物理學。這使他獲得了聖巴特洛繆醫院醫學院的碩士學位和博士學位，他的研究興趣在於物理學在醫學問題上的應用，特別是輻射的使用，並在馬里蘭州巴爾的摩的約翰霍普金斯大學完成了為期兩年的博士後研究。隨後，他在倫敦西部的哈默史密斯醫院的醫學研究委員會輻射單位工作，協助建立新的電子技術，並在慕尼黑擔任研究職位，之後於1970年受邀加入倫敦中央理工學院（Polytechnic of Central London），擔任輻射生物物理學教授，並請假前往華盛頓的美國環境保護署工作。杰克在倫敦中央理工學院（現為威斯敏斯特大學）工作了30年，直到退休。

大衛·E·瓦特（David E. Watt）在格拉斯哥大學獲得核物理學博士學位。1956年，他加入位於奧爾德馬斯頓的英國原子武器研究機構，並在此工作至1961年。他參與設計和開發高靈敏度探測器，以絕對測量核輻射沉降產生的放射性核素。加入英國原子能管理局核電部門的輻射生物學研究單位後，瓦特博士專注於輻射損傷的生物物理機制研究。1969年，他成為邓迪大學新成立的醫學生物物理學系的創始成員之一，並於1980年因其卓越貢獻獲得英國放射學會創始獎章。1984年，瓦特博士轉至聖安德魯斯大學的物理與天文學院。

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