Lecture Notes of Professor Yuri Kagan in Theoretical Solid-State Physics
暫譯: 尤里·卡根教授的理論固態物理講義筆記

固態物理中的基本激發。- 理想玻色氣體。- 互動博戈柳博玻色氣體。- 超流氦的聲音與漩渦。- 二維系統的超流性。Berezinskii Kosterlitz Thouless (BKT) 相變。- 固態物理中的聲子。- 聲子態的密度德拜近似。- 具有成對互動的晶體中的聲子譜。晶格振動的量子化。- 聲子分佈函數。晶體的比熱。- 莫斯堡效應。相對於聲子佔據數的對角過程。- 中子散射於晶體。- 非諧互動。聲子譜的阻尼。- 晶體中的聲子熱導率。- 鐵磁體中的自旋波。交換互動。- 金屬中的基本互動。離子-離子和電子-離子互動。- 電子-電子互動。具有平行自旋的兩個電子波函數的交換孔。- 具有相反自旋的電子互動的相關能量。- 隨機相位近似下金屬中的電荷屏蔽。- 金屬氫。- 金屬中的單電子激發。- 金屬的熱力學。- 金屬中的磁振盪。- 庫珀問題。- 超導理論中的多粒子問題。- 超導體的熱力學。

Prof. Dr. Maxim Yu. Kagan was born in Moscow in 1961 and is a respected figure in the field of condensed matter physics. He is known for his contributions to the study of superconductivity and superfluidity. A product of the Landau school of Theoretical Physics, Prof. Kagan has built a career that bridges both academic teaching and advanced research.

He graduated with honors from the Moscow Engineering Physics Institute (MEPhI) in 1984, specializing in Theoretical Nuclear Physics. Following his studies, he joined the P.L. Kapitza Institute for Physical Problems, where he conducted research under the guidance of Prof. A.F. Andreev. In 1989, he earned his Ph.D. with a thesis focused on superfluid properties in systems with complex ordering.

Prof. Kagan has held various research positions at the Kapitza Institute, ultimately earning his Doctor of Science degree in 1994. He was elected as a Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences in 2006, recognizing his contributions to physics.

In addition to his work in Russia, Prof. Kagan has held visiting positions at institutions around the world, including Amsterdam University, ETH Zürich, and the University of Cambridge. He has also been involved in teaching and research in the UK, Spain, and other European countries.

His research has been published in over 160 articles and four books, with topics ranging from low-temperature physics to superconductivity. While maintaining his academic responsibilities, Prof. Kagan continues to contribute to international collaborations and scientific conferences.

Prof. Kagan's work has been recognized with several awards, including the Presidential Award for Young Professors and the Leverhulme Award in the UK. He has also been honored with medals from the Russian Academy of Sciences.

Currently, Prof. Kagan is a Distinguished Professor at the National Research University Higher School of Economics (HSE) in Moscow, where he continues to teach and conduct research in condensed matter physics.

馬克西姆·尤·卡根教授於1961年出生於莫斯科，是凝聚態物理領域的知名人物。他因對超導性和超流性的研究貢獻而聞名。作為蘭道理論物理學派的成員，卡根教授的職業生涯橫跨學術教學和高級研究。

他於1984年以優異成績畢業於莫斯科工程物理學院（MEPhI），專攻理論核物理。完成學業後，他加入了P.L. 卡皮察物理問題研究所，在A.F. 安德烈耶夫教授的指導下進行研究。1989年，他以研究複雜有序系統中的超流性質的論文獲得博士學位。

卡根教授在卡皮察研究所擔任過多個研究職位，最終於1994年獲得科學博士學位。他於2006年被選為俄羅斯科學院的通訊會員，以表彰他對物理學的貢獻。

除了在俄羅斯的工作外，卡根教授還在全球多個機構擔任訪問職位，包括阿姆斯特丹大學、蘇黎世聯邦理工學院（ETH Zürich）和劍橋大學。他還參與了英國、西班牙及其他歐洲國家的教學和研究工作。

他的研究已發表超過160篇文章和四本書，主題涵蓋從低溫物理到超導性。在維持學術責任的同時，卡根教授持續參與國際合作和科學會議。

卡根教授的工作獲得了多項獎項，包括英國年輕教授總統獎和Leverhulme獎。他還獲得了俄羅斯科學院的獎章。

目前，卡根教授是莫斯科國立研究大學高等經濟學院（HSE）的傑出教授，繼續在凝聚態物理領域進行教學和研究。