Intervening in International Justice: Third States Before Courts and Tribunals

The intervention of States in legal proceedings touches upon some of the most beguiling questions in international dispute settlement. These include questions of treaty interpretation, obligations erga omnes, the sources of judicial power and rulemaking, the nature of incidental proceedings, the Monetary Gold doctrine of indispensable parties, cross-fertilization between judicial and arbitral bodies, and principles of jurisdiction, party autonomy, and res judicata. As jurists and scholars tend to address these questions in isolation, however, each development in third-State practice has raised unimagined issues of first impression-such as the 2022 declarations of dozens of States exploring mass intervention before the International Court of Justice in Ukraine v. Russia, and the participation of neighbouring States without China's presence in the 2016 South China Sea arbitration. By applying conceptual, comparative, and historical approaches to international justice, this book instead offers a uniquely holistic assessment of the practice and prospective development of intervention.

國家在法律訴訟中的干預觸及了國際爭端解決中一些最迷人的問題。這些問題包括條約解釋、erga omnes義務、司法權力和規則制定的來源、附帶訴訟的性質、不可或缺當事人的貨幣金問題、司法和仲裁機構之間的相互滋養，以及管轄權、當事人自主權和確定性原則。然而，由於法學家和學者傾向於孤立地處理這些問題，第三國實踐中的每一個發展都引發了無法預料的首次印象問題，例如2022年數十個國家在烏克蘭訴俄羅斯國際法院案件中探索大規模干預的聲明，以及2016年南海仲裁案中沒有中國參與的鄰國的參與。通過應用概念、比較和歷史方法來研究國際司法，本書提供了一個獨特的整體評估干預實踐和未來發展的方法。