Have Repertoire, Will Travel: Nonviolence as Global Contentious Performance

Nonviolence is celebrated and practiced around the world, as a universal 'method for all human conflict.' This Element describes how nonviolence has evolved into a global repertoire, a patterned form of contentious political performance that has spread as an international movement of movements, systematizing and institutionalizing particular forms of protest as best claims-making practice. It explains how the formal organizational efforts of social movement emissaries and favorable and corresponding global models of state and civic participation have enabled the globalization of nonviolence. The Element discusses a historical perspective of this process to illuminate how understanding nonviolence as a contentious performance can explain the repertoire's successes and failures across contexts and over time. The Element underscores the dynamics of contention among global repertoires and suggests future research more closely examines the challenges posed by institutionalization.

非暴力在全球范圍內受到讚揚和實踐，被視為一種適用於所有人類衝突的普遍方法。本文描述了非暴力如何演變成為一種全球性的行動方式，一種有模式的爭議性政治表演形式，作為一種國際運動的運動，將特定形式的抗議作為最佳主張實踐進行體系化和制度化。它解釋了社會運動使者的正式組織努力以及有利的相應全球模式對國家和公民參與的全球化非暴力的影響。本文從歷史的角度探討了這一過程，以闡明將非暴力理解為一種爭議性表演如何解釋該行動方式在不同背景和時間下的成功和失敗。本文強調了全球行動方式之間的爭議動態，並建議未來的研究更加密切地研究制度化所帶來的挑戰。