Biodiversity and Conservation of Endemic Medicinal Plants: Challenges and Strategies for Sustainable Ecosystems
暫譯: 特有藥用植物的生物多樣性與保育：永續生態系的挑戰與策略

植物支撐著地球上的生命，然而生物多樣性正逐漸流失。本書《特有藥用植物的生物多樣性與保育：永續生態系統的挑戰與策略》以特有種為核心，揭示其獨特特徵、特殊棲地，以及在生態網絡中的關鍵作用，涵蓋與授粉者的互利關係到群落動態。全書依據 IUCN 紅色名錄與各國保育架構評估其保育現況，梳理主要威脅，並提出相應的就地保育（in situ）與遷地保育（ex situ）措施。

本書將生態科學與社會經濟觀點相結合，強調從地方到全球各層級政策的重要性，以及社區參與、原住民族知識與公平利益分享的價值。透過生理學、遺傳學與族群生態學等領域的證據，本書提出實務性且具調適能力的策略，在維護生物與文化多樣性的同時，支持永續生計——這是對研究人員、實務工作者與政策制定者發出的及時行動呼籲。

Noureddine Chaachouay is a Moroccan ethnopharmacologist and botanist and is presently a member of the faculty of the École Supérieure de l'Éducation et formation de Berrechid, Université Hassan First, Settat, Morocco. He is an academic whose path was characterized by a doctorate in Plant Science in 2020 at the Faculty of Sciences of Ibn Tofail University, Kénitra. He earned a Master's
degree in Climate Change, Adaptation, and Sustainable Development and a Bachelor's degree in Life Sciences in 2016 and 2013, respectively, in addition to several pedagogical and technical diplomas in 2013. These credentials form the basis of his interdisciplinary research in plant science and environmental studies. His doctoral dissertation research, entitled "Floristic and Ethnomedicinal Study of Aromatic and Medicinal Plants in the Rif Region (Northern Morocco)," is an extensive study on the biodiversity and traditional applications of the local flora. The work presents the experience of his
skills in botany and phytotherapy. His career has focused on the taxonomy of medicinal plants,
ethnobotany, and phytotherapy, having published several scholarly articles, book chapters, and the
edited book, The Comprehensive Guide to Hallucinogenic Plants. These findings are manifested in
his research work, which was devoted to both basic and applied sciences. He is an innovative and
community-based researcher who has sought the development of plant-based therapeutic knowledge
in both theoretical and practical setups. He is also engaged in peer review and editorial activity,
thus supporting scientific rigor and encouraging scholarly communication. His achievements have
been recognized with some significant awards. In 2023, Hassan First University honored him as the
Young Researcher of the Year for an outstanding piece of scientific research. A year later, he was
awarded the Young Scientist Award (Environment) for his work in plant study and biotechnology,
given at a worldwide conference organized by Aligarh Muslim University, India. These awards
highlight his critical contribution to the botanical sciences. In addition to his research interests,
he is greatly engaged in mentoring students and enhancing sustainable development. He teaches
botany, ethnopharmacology, and climate change to prepare the upcoming generation of individuals
dedicated to environmental protection.

Ouafae Benkhnigue is a distinguished Moroccan botanist and ethnobotanist affiliated with the Department of Botany and Plant Ecology at the Scientific Institute, Mohammed V University of Rabat (Morocco). She is a member of the Flora of Morocco research team, where she actively contributes to the revision of the vascular flora of Morocco, the systematic and taxonomic updating of taxa
in the National Herbarium (RAB), the restoration of herbarium specimens, and the enrichment of the collection through the integration of rare and endemic species. She also serves on the Editorial Committee of the Scientific Institute's publications (Life Sciences section) and regularly participates in peer review and scientific writing activities. Her research spans a wide range of disciplines, including taxonomy, systematics, plant ecology, floristics, ethnobotany, ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry, remote sensing, biotechnology, and environmental sciences. She actively participates in the scientific valorization of Moroccan aromatic and medicinal flora, conducting studies on its diversity, traditional use, and active constituents. She is a member of the Organization for the Phyto-Taxonomic Investigation of the Mediterranean Area (OPTIMA) in other nations. Her research paradigm is based on the interdependence of science, cultural heritage, and sustainable development, and therefore, it promotes new approaches to protect biodiversity and manage the environment, often in collaborative efforts with local communities. She has written and lectured extensively on plant diversity and ecology, conservation intervention, ecological management, and the importance of aromatic and medicinal plants, both nationally and internationally. She is engaged in active research and development of biodiversity conservation and sustainable development in Morocco and the Mediterranean region in general through her scientific and collaborative work.

Lahcen Zidane is a botanist, ecologist, and professor of higher education in the Faculty of Biology at Ibn Tofail University in Kénitra, Morocco, where he has been teaching and conducting research since 1991. His scientific studies focus mainly on floristics, flora ecology, ethnobotany, and ethnopharmacology, with a special emphasis on how botanical knowledge can be used in agriculture,
biotechnology, and the valorization of the medicinal and aromatic plant Moroccan flora. He is also recognized as an authority in environmental sciences, particularly regarding the implications of climate change on the environment and the biogeographical influence of plant taxa, thereby contributing to the
understanding of ecological dynamics and informing approaches to conserving biodiversity. Being
a true believer of scientific training, he has overseen more than 20 doctoral students, all of whom
have successfully defended dissertations in various fields such as ethnobotany, ethnopharmacology,
floristics, plant ecology, and ecotourism, to name a few. This demonstrates his significant role
in molding new generations of scholars and in the spread of botanical and ecological knowledge.
He also leads a national program aimed at the inventories and conservation of plant species in
Morocco; other efforts include georeferencing botanical biodiversity, discovering endangered taxa,
and advocating for their conservation. Due to his contributions to science and pedagogy, he plays a
central role in issues of sustainable development, biodiversity conservation, and the advancement of
environmental sciences in Morocco.

Noureddine Chaachouay 是一名摩洛哥民族藥理學家與植物學家，目前任教於摩洛哥塞塔特（Settat）Hassan First University 的 Berrechid 高等教育與培訓學院（École Supérieure de l'Éducation et formation de Berrechid）。他是一名學者，並於 2020 年在 Kénitra 的 Ibn Tofail University 理學院取得植物科學博士學位。除此之外，他分別於 2016 年及 2013 年取得氣候變遷、調適與永續發展碩士學位，以及生命科學學士學位，並於 2013 年取得多項教育與技術相關文憑。這些學歷構成了他在植物科學與環境研究領域進行跨學科研究的基礎。他的博士論文研究題為〈Rif 地區（摩洛哥北部）芳香與藥用植物的植物區系及民族藥用研究〉，深入探討當地植物區系的生物多樣性及其傳統應用。這項研究展現了他在植物學與植物療法方面的專業能力。他的職涯主要聚焦於藥用植物分類學、民族植物學與植物療法，並已發表多篇學術論文、書籍章節，以及編著《The Comprehensive Guide to Hallucinogenic Plants》。這些成果體現在他的研究工作中，涵蓋基礎科學與應用科學。他是一名具創新精神且以社群為基礎的研究者，致力於在理論與實務層面發展以植物為基礎的治療知識。他也積極參與同儕審查與編輯工作，以維護科學嚴謹性並促進學術交流。他的成就曾獲得多項重要獎項肯定。2023 年，Hassan First University 因其傑出的科學研究成果，授予他年度青年研究者獎。隔年，他因在植物研究與生物技術方面的工作，於印度 Aligarh Muslim University 主辦的全球性會議中獲頒青年科學家獎（環境）。這些獎項彰顯了他對植物科學的重要貢獻。除了研究興趣之外，他也積極指導學生並推動永續發展。他教授植物學、民族藥理學與氣候變遷，致力於培育下一代投身環境保護的人才。

Ouafae Benkhnigue 是一名傑出的摩洛哥植物學家與民族植物學家，隸屬於摩洛哥拉巴特 Mohammed V University 科學研究所的植物學與植物生態學系。她是摩洛哥植物區系研究團隊的成員，積極參與摩洛哥維管束植物區系的修訂、國家植物標本館（RAB）中分類群的系統學與分類學更新、植物標本的修復，以及透過納入稀有與特有物種來豐富館藏。她也擔任科學研究所出版品（生命科學組）的編輯委員，並定期參與同儕審查與科學寫作活動。她的研究涵蓋廣泛領域，包括分類學、系統學、植物生態學、植物區系學、民族植物學、民族藥理學、植物化學、遙測、生物技術與環境科學。她積極參與摩洛哥芳香與藥用植物區系的科學價值開發，研究其多樣性、傳統用途及活性成分。她也是其他國家的地中海地區植物分類學研究組織（Organization for the Phyto-Taxonomic Investigation of the Mediterranean Area，OPTIMA）成員。她的研究典範建立在科學、文化遺產與永續發展相互依存的基礎上，因此致力於推動保護生物多樣性與管理環境的新方法，並經常與當地社群合作。她曾在國內外廣泛撰寫及講授植物多樣性與生態學、保育介入、生態管理，以及芳香與藥用植物重要性等主題。透過科學研究與合作工作，她持續投入摩洛哥及整個地中海地區的生物多樣性保育與永續發展研究及推動。

Lahcen Zidane 是一名植物學家、生態學家，也是摩洛哥 Kénitra Ibn Tofail University 生物學院的高等教育教授，自 1991 年起便在該校任教並從事研究。他的科學研究主要聚焦於植物區系學、植物區系生態學、民族植物學與民族藥理學，特別重視如何將植物學知識應用於農業、生物技術，以及摩洛哥藥用與芳香植物區系的價值開發。他也是環境科學領域公認的權威，尤其關注氣候變遷對環境的影響，以及植物分類群的生物地理學影響；這些研究有助於理解生態動態，並為生物多樣性保育方法提供依據。作為一名深信科學訓練重要性的學者，他曾指導超過 20 名博士生，所有學生皆已在民族植物學、民族藥理學、植物區系學、植物生態學及生態旅遊等不同領域成功完成博士論文答辯。這充分展現了他在培育新一代學者，以及推廣植物學與生態學知識方面所扮演的重要角色。他也領導一項以摩洛哥植物物種盤查與保育為目標的國家計畫；其他工作包括對植物生物多樣性進行地理定位、發掘瀕危分類群，以及倡導其保育。由於他對科學與教育工作的貢獻，在摩洛哥的永續發展、生物多樣性保育及環境科學發展等議題上，他都扮演著核心角色。